Conditioning and Learning Chapters 8, 9, and 10

Extinction burst

a temporary increase in the frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented

Resurgence

the reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had previously been effective in obtaining reinforcement

Stimulus control

a situation in which the presence of a discriminative stimulus reliably affects the probability of a behavior

Stimulus discrimination

the tendency for an operant response to be emitted more in the presence of one stimulus than another

Stimulus generalization

the tendency for an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to an S^D

Anticipatory contrast

the rate of response varies inversely with an upcoming change in the rate of reinforcement

Negative contrast

an increase in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces a decrease in the rate of response on the other component

Positive contrast

a decrease in the rate of reinforcement on one component of a multiple schedule produces an increase in the rate of response on the other component

Two process theory of avoidance

avoidance behavior os the result of two distinct processes: classical conditioning, in which fear response comes to be elicited by a CS and operant conditioning, in which moving away from the CS is negatively reinforced by a reduction in fear

Exposure and Response prevention (ERP)

a method of treating OCD that involves prolonged exposure to anxiety-arousing events while not engaging in the compulsive behavior pattern that reduces the anxiety

Secondary punisher

an event that has become punishing because it has in the past been associated with some other punisher

Learned helplessness

a decrement in learning ability that results from repeated exposure to uncontrollable aversive events

Matching Law

proportion of responses emitted on a particular schedule matches the proportion of reinforcement obtained on that schedule

Undermatching

the proportion of responses on the richer schedule versus poorer schedule is less different than would be predicted by matching

Overmatching

the proportion of responses on the richer schedule versus poorer schedule is more different than would be predicted by matching

Self control

with respect to choice between two rewards, selecting a larger later reward over a smaller sooner reward

Differential Reinforcement of Other behavior (DRO)

facilitated extinction by reinforcing different behavior whilt extinguishing unwanted behavior

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible behavior (DRI)

reinforce behavior that is impossible to demonstrate alongside an undesired behavior