Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Certification Exam Study Guide

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering exam specifications, curriculum standards, medical and trauma emergencies, airway management, and performance rubrics for the EMT 5110 certification exam.

What is the exam number, item count, and total point value for the Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) industry certification exam?

The exam number is 5110, containing $100$ items for a total of $100$ points.

What national curriculum serves as the foundation for the EMT certification exam?

The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) National Standard Curriculum.

What are the seven blueprint standards tested on the EMT exam and their respective percentages?

1. Preparatory: $16\%$
2. Airway: $14\%$
3. Patient assessment: $15\%$
4. Medical: $23\%$
5. Respiratory system: $16\%$
6. Infants & children: $10\%$
7. Operations: $6\%$

Which situation categories require specific personal protective equipment (PPE) planning under Standard 1 (Preparatory)?

Hazardous materials, rescue operations, violent scenes, crime scenes, exposure to bloodborne pathogens, and exposure to airborne pathogens.

What four patient-moving and transfer devices must an EMT-Basic be prepared to use under Standard 1?

Wheeled ambulance stretcher, stair chair, scoop stretcher, and long spine board.

What is the clinical difference between a sign and a symptom?

A sign is an objective finding observed or measured by the provider, whereas a symptom is a subjective sensation or condition described by the patient.

What are the two primary airway-opening manual maneuvers, and how does the mechanism of injury determine their selection?

The head-tilt chin-lift and the jaw-thrust maneuver. The jaw thrust is used when there is a suspected mechanism of injury involving the spine or head to avoid manipulating the cervical spine.

Which two mechanical airway adjuncts are EMTs required to know how to insert?

Oropharyngeal (oral) airway and nasopharyngeal (nasal) airway.

What mnemonic is used during a rapid trauma assessment to identify specific injuries?

DCAP-BTLS (Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling).

Which seven anatomical structures must an EMT understand regarding physiological changes during pregnancy?

Uterus, vagina, fetus, placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic sac, and perineum.

How are arterial, venous, and capillary external bleeding differentiated?

Arterial bleeding is bright red and spurts under high pressure; venous bleeding is dark red and flows steadily; capillary bleeding is slow and oozes.

What are the three classifications of burns covered under Standard 5?

Superficial burn, partial thickness burn, and full thickness burn.

What immobilization technique is specified for moving a patient with a suspected spinal cord injury onto a long board?

A four-person log roll.

How does the primary underlying cause of cardiac arrest typically differ between infants/children and adults?

In infants and children, cardiac arrest is usually secondary to respiratory distress or respiratory failure, whereas in adults, it is typically of primary cardiac origin.

What emergency process must be implemented during a mass casualty incident under Standard 7 (Operations)?

Triage.

What minimum average score must a student achieve on the performance rating scale to pass the performance standards?

A performance standard average of $8$ or higher on the $0$ to $10$ rating scale ($0$ = Limited skills, $4$ = Moderate skills, $8$ = High skills).

Which specific medication administration route/method is evaluated in the EMT performance evaluation under Standard 4 (Medical)?

Medication administration via handheld nebulizer.

Which four specific skills are evaluated under the Standard 5 performance assessment score?

1. Proper dressing and bandaging of burns and wounds
2. Application of a sling and swath
3. Application of a splint
4. Application of a cervical collar