protein synthesis inhibitors

What are the ribosome sizes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

 Prokaryotes: 70S (30S + 50S); eukaryotes: 80S (40S + 60S).

Why can antibiotics selectively inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?

Bacterial ribosomes differ from human cytoplasmic ribosomes.

Why can protein synthesis inhibitors still harm human cells?

Human mitochondria contain 70S-like ribosomes.

How do some aminoglycosides inhibit protein synthesis?

Alter the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing mRNA to be misread.

How do tetracyclines inhibit protein synthesis?

 Block tRNA docking at the 30S ribosomal subunit.

How does chloramphenicol inhibit protein synthesis?

Blocks peptide bond formation at the 50S subunit.

 How do macrolides inhibit protein synthesis?

Bind the 50S subunit and interfere with ribosomal movement.

What do streptogramins and lincosamides target?

The bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit.

How do oxazolidinones inhibit protein synthesis?

interfere with formation of the protein synthesis initiation complex.