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Group of nutrients that are part of carbon compounds

Group 1: N, S

Group 1

nutrients that are part of carbon compounds

Group of nutrients important in energy storage or structural integrity

Group 2: P, Si, B

Group 2

nutrients important in energy storage or structural integrity

Group of nutrients that remain in ionic form

Group 3: Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Mn, Na

Group 3

nutrients that remain in ionic form

Group of nutrients involved in redox reactions

Group 4: Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Zn

Group 4

nutrients involved in redox reactions

Constituent of amino acids, amides, proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides and coenzymes

Nitrogen (N)

Component of cysteine, cystine, methionine, coenzyme A and glutathione

Sulfur (S)

Sugar phosphates, nucleic acids, phospholipids, phytic acid; key role in ATP reactions

Phosphorus (P)

Deposited as amorphous silica in cell walls; adds rigidity and elasticity

Silicon (Si)

Complexes with mannitol and mannan in cell walls

cell elongation

nucleic acid metabolism

Boron (B)

Cofactor for 40+ enzymes

Principal cation for cell turgor and electroneutrality

Potassium (K)

Constituent of the middle lamella

second messenger in metabolic regulation

Calcium (Ca)

Constituent of chlorophyll

Needed by phosphate-transfer enzymes

Magnesium (Mg)

Required for photosynthetic O2 evolution (its only listed role)

Chlorine (Cl)

Activates dehydrogenases

Activates decarboxylases

Activates kinases

Activates oxidases

Activates peroxidases

O2 evolution

Manganese (Mn)

Regenerates PEP in C4 and CAM plants

Can substitute for K

Sodium (Na)

Constituent of cytochromes and nonheme iron proteins

photosynthesis

N2 fixation

respiration

Iron (Fe)

Constituent of alcohol dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase

Zinc (Zn)

AD
GD
CA

Constituent of plastocyanin, cytochrome oxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase and laccase

Copper (Cu)

Constituent of urease; hydrogenases in N2-fixing bacteria

Nickel (Ni)

Constituent of nitrogenase, nitrate reductase and xanthine dehydrogenase

Molybdenum (Mo)

Cl and Mn

Two nutrients required for photosynthetic O2 evolution

Ni enzyme that breaks urea + water into 2 NH3 + CO2

Urease

Cu protein that accepts electrons from plastoquinone in the light reactions

Plastocyanin