crim midterm

Mathieu Orfila

toxicology

Alphonse Bertillion

antrhopometry

Francis Galton

fingerprints

Leon Lattes

blood grouping

Calvin Goddard

firearms

Albert Osborn

QD

pathology

death investigation

anthropology

skeletal remains

odontology

dental investigations

entomology

insect investigations

palynology

pollen and spore investigation

unicellular male gametophyte

polled

exine

pollen wall

anemophilous plants

spread pollen by wind

entomophilous plants

spread pollen by animals

medulla

inner core of hair

cortex

middle layer of hair

cuticle

outer layer of hair

coronal scale pattern

layered

spinous scale pattern

spiny

imbricate scale pattern

brick-like

hair layer with most pigment

cortex

medulla types

continuous, interrupted, fragmented, absent

medullary index

diameter of medulla / diameter of shaft

anagen

active growth with follicle attached

catagen

transitional phase pushing hair outward

telogen

final phase naturally shed

follicular tissue DNA

nuclear

hair shaft DNA

mitochondrial

density

mass / vol

refractive index

vol light in vacuum / vol light in medium

crystalline solids

constituent atoms arranged regularly

amorphous solids

atoms arranged randomly

bifringence

difference between 2 refractive indices

dispersion

separation of light into component wavelengths

soda lime glass

window/bottle

float glass

flat after cooling molten glass on molten tin

borosilicate glass

heat resistant produced with boron oxide

tempered glass

strengthened by rapid heating/cooling and breaks in small pieces

laminated glass

plastic layer between glass sheets

becke line

halo near border of particle and liquid with different refractive indices

high velocity projectile fracture

round crater with radial/concentric cracking

low velocity projectile fracture

irregular fragmentation and cracking

radial cracks

form first beginning on opposite side of force

concentric cracks

form on fracture edges on same side of force

3R rule

Radial cracks form Right angle on Reverse side of force

Galton and fingerprints

3 major patterns

Vucetich and fingerprints

classification system

loop percentage

65%

arch percentage

5%

whorl percentage

30%

loop types

ulnar-radial

whorl types

plain-central pocket loop-double loop-accidental

arch types

plain-tented

ACE-V

analysis-comparison-evaluation-verification

level 1 print

broad ridge flow

level 2 print

minutae positions and relationships

level 3 print

fine details like pores, creases, and scars

Henry : 16

RI/RT

Henry : 8

RR/RM

Henry : 4

LT/RP

Henry : 2

LM/LI

Henry : 1

LL/LR

AFIS steps

capture-encode-search-verify

patent print

transferred with colorful material

latent print

invisible

plastic print

3D

nonporous technique

powder and fuming

porous techniques

chemicals

RUVIS

reflected ultraviolet imaging system

mechanical QD erasures

illumination and microscopy

chemical QD erasures

UV/IR and microscopy

QD ink additions

behave different with UV/IR

QD obliteration

IR for covered text

oblique light

side lighting reveals texture

UV light

reveals chemical and paper differences

IR light

reveals ink differences

digital enhancement

scanning for contrast

QD charred docs

IR and illumination

electrostatic detection apparatus (ESDA)

electrostatically process impressions

thin layer chromatography (TLC)

separate ink components