L13+14 Localization Websites and HTML

Standard localization

localization performed using standard localization tools

Visual localization

localization that provides visual clues to help translators localize web pages and interface elements more accurately

Localization challenges

technical, linguistic, cultural, and functional issues that must be addressed when localizing a website

User interface (UI) localization

localization of menus, tabs, forms, tables, icons, controls, and other interface elements

Search engine optimization (SEO) localization

adapting website content so it can be found through local search engines

Global gateway pages

web pages that direct users to the most appropriate localized version of a website

SRC effect (Self-Reference Criteria)

unconscious tendency to interpret the world according to one's own cultural values and experiences

Language negotiation

HTTP function that selects a language version of a webpage based on user preferences and URL information

Geolocation

use of an IP address to determine a user's location

Geolocation techniques

methods used to deliver region-specific content based on a user's location

Semiotics

study of signs and their meanings in communication and culture

Icons

signs that resemble the objects they represent

Index signs

signs that have a direct connection to the objects they represent

Symbols

signs whose meanings are determined by cultural beliefs and interpretations

Cross-cultural color usage

consideration of how colors carry different meanings across cultures

Individualism

cultural value emphasizing personal freedom and individual achievement

Collectivism

cultural value emphasizing group membership and collective interests

Power distance

degree to which unequal distribution of power is accepted within a society

Masculinity

cultural orientation that values achievement, competition, success, and clear gender roles

Femininity

cultural orientation that values quality of life, cooperation, and nurturing roles

High-context culture

culture in which communication relies heavily on context, symbols, and indirect messages

Low-context culture

culture in which communication relies on direct, explicit, and clear messages