HMAP 111 Module 2

Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged. T OR F

True

Temperature has no effect on diffusion rate. T OR F

False

Which of the following types of transport requires an input of energy?

active transport

What is the solution called when the solute concentration outside a red blood cell equals the solute concentration inside the cell?

isotonic

What nucleotide is found in RNA but not in DNA?

uracil

What kind of bond is formed when one atom gains an electron, and another atom loses an electron?

ionic

what is a solution with a pH of 3 called?

an acid

What chemical process occurs when water is used to break down larger molecules?

hydrolysis

What are protein catalysts in the body that increase the rate of chemical reactions called?

enzymes

What is the universal solvent in living systems?

water

What is the corresponding term for genetic material?

DNA

What is the corresponding term for nitrogen-containing waste products?

ammonia

What is the corresponding term for movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane?

osmosis

What is the corresponding term for a negatively charged part of an atom?

electron

What is the corresponding term for a positively charged part of an atom?

proton

What is the corresponding term for a chemical fuel (energy currency of the cell)?

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

What is the corresponding term for a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a solution?

an acid

What is the corresponding term for movement of solute to area of lower concentration?

diffusion

What is the corresponding term for a substance that combines with hydrogen ions in a solution?

base

What is the corresponding term that requires energy to move substances to area of higher concentration?

active transport

The nucleus is known as the powerhouse of the cell. T OR F

False

Which of the following are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum to make it “rough”?

ribosomes

The cellular membrane is primarily made up of what molecules, which have polar heads and hydrophobic tails? 

phospholipids

Glucose is converted into a usable form of energy, ATP, during what reaction pathway?

cellular respiration

Antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections. What category of cells do bacteria exemplify?

Eukaryotic cells

Glucose is converted into what usable form of energy primarily in the mitochondria?

ATP

What are the basic units of organization of all organisms?C

cells

In the human body, the male sperm cell is propelled by a single ____________________.

flagellum

The ____________________ is composed of a double phospholipid layer with embedded proteins.

plasma membrane

What organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

rough endoplasmic reticulum

What organelle is the control center of the cell?

nucleus

What organelle is moves material across the free surface of a cell?

cilia

What organelle is the concentrate compounds to be secreted out of the cell?

Golgi apparatus

What organelle is the site of synthesis of s*x hormones?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

What organelle is the powerhouse of the cell?

mitochondrion

What organelle is the genetic material of the cell?

chromatin

What organelle contains powerful digestive enzymes

lysosomes

What organelle is the site of ribosomal synthesis?

nucleolus

What organelle moves products in and out of the cell by endocytosis and exocytosis, respectively?

vesicles

Which prefix means above?

epi-

What does an emergency physician specialize in?

high-acuity medicine

To obtain the medication prescribed by her doctor, Darci requires the assistance of a/an:

pharmacist

Which term is spelled incorrectly?

•   anaplasia

•   hyperplasia

•   aplasia

•   displasia

displasia

Bone is an example of which type of connective tissue?

dense

When referring to the organization of the body, tissues organize to form ____________________.

organs

The structure that holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity is the ____________________.

peritoneum

The material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus is the ____________________.

cytoplasm

Which is an example of a horizontal plane?

•  frontal plane

•   midsagittal plane

•   transverse plane

•   sagittal plane

transverse plane

The abbreviation for intensive care unit is _____.

ICU

Bruno tests positive for the COVID-19 strain of the coronavirus. Which type of disease is COVID-19?

Infectious disease

Where is the hypochondriac region located?

below the ribs

What does the word root plas mean?

growth

The abbreviation for emergency medical technician is ____.

EMT

Where is the hypogastric region located?

In the RLQ and LLQ

The suffix in the term hypoplasia means ____.

formation

The material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus is the ____.

cytoplasm

Structural units made up of organs are called ____.

body systems

Which term is spelled incorrectly?

• iatrogenaic illness

•   idiopathic disease

•   nosocomial infection

•   congenital disorder

iatrogenaic illness

The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues is called ____.

hyperplasia

Diseases such as the flu are spread through coughing or sneezing; this is which type of transmission?

droplet

A mosquito infected with malaria that bites a person is an example of which type of disease transmission?

vector-borne

The word root in physiology means ____.

nature

Which is the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity?

gene

Which plane is also known as the frontal plane?

coronal plane

The medical term that means inflammation of the peritoneum is ____.

peritonitis