Foundations of GOV

Public policies

Things the Government Want to do

Population, Teritorry, Sovereighty and Government

To be considered a state you need to have these four characteristics;

Sovereignty

Every state has absoluite power within its own territory ( independence & self determination)

The Force Theory

The theory that the state originated from a group of people who took control of an area and forced their rule into the territory.

The Evolutionary Theory

The theory that the state originated naturally through early age families saying lets come together.

The Divine Right Theory

The Theory that the state was created by god and all of its power was given by god.

The social contract Theory

The Theory that the state originated through a bunch of independent people realizing they would do much better if they gave up power to the state and created an agreement.

Democracy

Supreme Political power rests in the people

Dictatorship

People have no power

Autocracy

A government in which a single person holds ultimate political power.

Oligarchy

When A Self-Appointed elite group has ultimate political power over the people

Totalitarian

The Governement has complete control

Direct Democracy

When the will of the people is translated into law directly by the people themselves

Indirect Democracy

A small group of persons chosen by the people act as their representatives to espress the popular will.

Legistaltive

Makes laws

Executive

Enforces laws

Presidential

In what type of Governement is legislative and executive branches completely separate, as in the people vote separately for each?

Parliament

In what type of government is the legislative and executive branches decided based on majority of the population overruling the other which then leads to them voting for chief executive by themselves?

Unitary Government

Distribution of power where all power is held by a central agency

Confederate Government

Distibutiomn of power where independent states form an alliance

Federal Government

distribution of power between state governement and regional government

Greece and Rome

what are the two main influences on the US government?

Greece

In what country do all adult males participate in direct democracy ( no women foreigners or anyone else are allowed to vote)

Rome

What country was focused on the betterment of the state and classical republicanism?

Democratic Rebublic

What is the United States today?

Preamble of constitution

where can the purpose of the US government be found?

majority vs minority

what is the downside of a US democracy that involves 51% vs 49%

Free Enterprise system

This system allows private ownership, free market and mixed economy?

private ownership

what is it called when the government does not own businesses, the people do.

Mixed economy

This is the term for the governments job, which is to be good for business and protect the public.

free market has less gov involved

How are mixed economy and free market different?

Thomas Hobbes

Who was the NATURAL RIGHTS philosopher who believed humans were naturally evil and that we need absolute monarchy. He believed that representatives of the people could be heard in the government but did not advocate democracy.

John Locke

Who was the NATRUAL RIGHTS philosopher who believed All people are born with Tabula rasa ( a blank slate) and their one problem is greed. The peoples main right is Life liberty and property ( influenced many abt that)

John Jacques Rousseau

Who is the philosopher who believes all humans are naturally born good, and was the main person we give credit to for the social contract. He was the 2nd biggest influence on the declaration and believed that majority rules.

ignore

Social contract

this contract is an agreement that the people will give up some of their rights to the government, in exchange if the government manipulates that the people are allowed to overthrow the government.

Baron De Montesquieu

Who was the philosopher who believed in monarchy, despotism and democracy ( favored the latter) he believed in the separation of powers and felt that people were not equal ( women less equal) but women could govern.

worth and dignity ( all people matter), equality ( in law), majority vs minority, compromise, individual freedom ( not absolute)

basic concepts of US democracy