German: Identitäten und Austausche & Temporal Markers

Vocabulary and temporal grammar flashcards covering identity, personal characteristics, travel, exchange programs, time prepositions, and key historical milestones in twentieth-century Germany.

die Identität(en)

Identity or identities.

der Ort(e) / der Geburtsort

The place / the birthplace.

das Geburtsdatum / das Alter

Date of birth / age.

der Wohnort(-e)

Place of residence, domicile, or the location where one lives.

die Herkunft / das Herkunftsland("-er)

Origin or provenance / country of origin.

die Wurzeln

Roots (heritage or origins).

kommen aus / stammen aus (+ D)

To come from or originate from (indicating provenance, used with the dative case).

die Heimat

Homeland, native country, or the place where one feels at home.

die Staatsangehörigkeit / die Nationalität(en)

Citizenship / nationality.

der Pass(-e) / der Ausweis(e)

Passport / identity card.

die Fremdsprache(n) / fremd

Foreign language / foreign, unfamiliar, or not familiar to oneself.

die Eigenschaft(en)

Characteristic or trait (good or bad quality; what is proper to oneself).

das Aussehen

Physical appearance (such as skin or eye color).

der Austausch(e) / das Austauschprogramm(e)

Exchange / exchange program (such as school exchanges like Voltaire, Sauzay, and Schuman).

der Austauschpartner(-)

Exchange partner or correspondent.

jemanden, etwas kennenlernen

To get to know someone or discover/become acquainted with something.

verschieden / unterschiedlich / anders sein

To be different.

der Handel

Trade or commerce (historically referenced with the Hanse).

tauschen

To swap, trade, or barter (troquer).

das Ausland / der Ausländer(-)

The foreign country / the foreigner (person from abroad).

UM

Temporal preposition used for a precise clock time (for example, $um\ 10\text{ Uhr}$).

GEGEN

Temporal preposition used to indicate an approximate time (around or in the vicinity of).

AM

Temporal preposition used to indicate a specific day or date (for example, $am\ 9.\text{ November } 1989$ or $am\text{ Montag}$).

IN (+ dative)

Temporal preposition used for longer time periods such as weeks, months, seasons, decades, or centuries (for example, $im\text{ Fr\"uhling}$, $im\text{ September}$, $in\text{ den } 50\text{er Jahren}$, $im\ 20.\text{ Jahrhundert}$).

WÄHREND (+ genitive)

Temporal preposition meaning during or throughout (for example, während des Zweiten Weltkriegs).

SEIT (+ dative)

Temporal preposition meaning since or for (indicating an ongoing duration, for example, seit $1985$).

ZWISCHEN (+ dative)

Preposition meaning between (for example, zwischen August $1961$ und November $1989$).

BIS ZU (+ dative)

Temporal preposition meaning up to or until (for example, bis zum Fall der Berliner Mauer).

PRO

Preposition meaning per (for example, $zweimal\text{ pro Woche}$ or once per month: einmal pro Monat).

JEDER / JEDE / JEDES

Declining determiner used to indicate frequency, meaning each or every (for example, jedes Wochenende or jedes Jahr).

Die Gründung der BRD und DDR (1949)

The creation in the year $1949$ of two German states: the BRD (capital Bonn) and the DDR (capital Ost-Berlin).

Die Berliner Mauer (1961–1989)

The Berlin Wall, which separated Ost-Berlin and West-Berlin between August $1961$ and November $1989$.

Die Deutsche Einheit (3. Oktober)

German Unity, celebrated annually on October $3$ as the German national holiday (der deutsche Nationalfeiertag).

Die Wiedervereinigung (1990)

German reunification in $1990$, following which Berlin became a massive construction site (eine riesige Baustelle).