Race and ethnicity (chapters 4)

Vicarious trauma

each widely publicized killing- broadcasted on social media and news networks- forces black and brown communities to repeatedly witness the deaths of people who look like them, producing documented symptoms of ptsd, depression

The talk

 generations of black and latino families have been forced to give their children a “talk”- explicit instructions on how to survive a police encounter- a burden white families rarely face

Chilling effect on civil liberties

 fear of police contact deters people of color from calling for help, reporting crimes or exercising their rights in public spaces, undermining the very purpose of law enforcement

Institutional distrust

repeated incidents without accountability erode trust in police, courts, and government- making communities less safe and less willing to cooperate with law enforcement investigating

The standard (Tennessee v. Garner (1985): deadly force and the law)

deadly force is only justified when the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious bodily harm - not merely to prevent escape