S&S indicating increased work of breathing

dyspnea

-Sensation of not being able to get enough air

orthopnea

dyspnea upon lying down RELATED TO LHF

blood return to heart increases upon lying ddown. compromised LV cant pump it forward, so it flows back into lungs

-PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL DYSPNEA

-Waking up at night feeling SOB same reason as orthopnea

hypoventilation/BRADYpnea

sub 12 resp rate

neuromuscular and/or central nerv syst problems such as increaed pressure on resp centers from intercranial breathing

hypoventilation causes

-HYPERventilation/ TACHYpnea

RR above 20/min

air hunger: need for more oxygen due to pulmonary issue

fight or flight/anxiety

causes of hyperventilation

hypopnea

shallow breathing

hyperpnea

-increased depth (tidal volume) of respirations

apnea

no respirations at all

hemoptysis

coughing up of blood, can result from local infection/inflamm of bronchi: bronchitis, pneumonia, TB, cancer, or PULMONARY EDEMA

respiratory distress

-Patient complaining of dyspnea, RR 32, SO2 91% using intercostals to breathe are S&S of________

respiratory failure

patient can no longer breath adequately. SO2 & PO2 very low with high PCO2