ultrasound and E-stim review

35-80 pps

pulse frequency for muscle strengthening E-stim

35-50 pps

pulse frequency for muscle reeducation E-stim

35-50 pps

pulse frequency for muscle spasm reduction E-stim

35-50 pps

pulse frequency for edema reduction using muscle pump E-stim

to visable contraction

what should the intensity be for muscle spasm reduction and edema reduction

sufficient for functional activity

what should intensity be for muscle reeducation

>10%

what should intensity be for muscle strengthening in injured muscle?

1:5

what is on:off time for muscle strengthening

1:1

what is on:off tine for reducing muscle spasm and reducing edema?

the activity

On:off time for muscle reeducation depends in:

10-20 minutes

how long should E-stim for muscle strengthening be?

10-30 mminutes

how long should E-stim for reducing muscle spasm be?

30 minutes

how long should E-stim for reducing edema be?

2-10 pps. 20-30 minutes

frequency and duration for low rate tens

100-150 pps as needed.

frequency and duration for high rate tens

low rate

which tens is motor level?

high rate

which tens is sensory level?

pacemaker, defibrillator, unstable arrhythmia, thrombosis, pregnancy (over trunk), carotid sinus, impede healing

E-stim comtraindications (7)

cardiac disease, impaired sensation/mentation, malignancy, open wound/ skin irritation

E-stim precautions (4)

5-10 minutes

ultrasound: time for deep or superficial soft tissue shorteneing

3-5 minutes

ultrasound: time for tendon injuries

3-10 minutes

ultrasound: time for pain control

3-10 minutes

ultrasound: time for soft tissue healing

3-10 minutes

ultrasound: time for ligament injuries

pulsed

duty cycle for ligament injuries

100 or pulsed

duty cycle for tendon injuries

20

duty cycle for soft tissue healing

100

duty cycle for pain control

100

duty cycle for soft tissue shortening

3

frequency for superficial tissues

1

frequency for deep tissues

.5-1.0

intensity for superficial soft tissue shortening

1.5-2.5

intensity for deep soft tissue shortening

.5-3.0

intensity for pain control

.5-1.0

intensity for soft tissue healing

.5-1.0

intensity for tendon injuries

.5-1.0

intensity for ligament innjuries

malignancy, pregnancy, CNS tissue, joint cement, plastic components, pacemaker, blood clot, eyes, reproductive organs

ultrasound contraindications

acute inflammation, growth plates, fractures, breast implants

ultrasound precautions