ARGUMENTATION

the firm stance or side you are taking on an issue.

Main Claim

will prove your main claim.

Reasons and evidences

These two will show how well you have analyzed and understood the issue before making a position or side.

Reasons and evidences

explained Reasons and evidences

Booth, Collomb, and Williams (2003)

explains why your main claim should be accepted, so it may be quite abstract.

reason

is something concrete as it proves to the readers that there is a clear basis for you to cite a specific reason.

evidence

is mainly composed of a claim, its reasons and evidence, and of course, some explanation.

Argument

is an “organized argument or contest of ideas in which the participants discuss a topic from two opposing sides”

formal debate

gave definition to formal debate

American Debate League, 2020

follow some rules such as time limits and assignments of the sides they will defend.

Debaters

is to convince others that a certain position is worth adopting.

formal debate

involves acknowledging standpoints that go against your argument and then re-affirming your argument

counterargument

gave definition to counterargument

University Writing & Speaking Center, n.d.

are the ones who are against your stance or position.

oppositions

are typically done by stating the opposing side’s argument, and then ultimately presenting your argument as the most logical solution.

counterargument

is a standard academic move that is used in argumentative essays because it shows the reader that you are capable of understanding and respecting multiple sides of an argument.

counterargument

Respectfully acknowledge these that differ from your argument.

evidence or standpoints

Refute the stance of opposing arguments, typically utilizing words like these

although and however

Make sure that you address these in a logical, equally intelligent, and convincing manner.

objections

Keep in mind that acknowledging these of the opposition are not completely wrong

claims