A/B - Bony Landmarks of the shoulder and muscles controlling position

Clavicle

• long bone

• acts as a crane-like strut letting the scapula move along the posterior rib cage

Clavicle - conoid tubercle

• near the acromial end (lateral) is connected to the coracoid process of the scapula by the coracoclavicular ligament attachment

Scapula

• flat bone

• acts as a mobile anchor for the upper limb

Scapula - acromion process

• offer leverage for the trapezius and deltoid

Scapula - angles, borders, fossae, etc are used for…..

attachment sites for other muscles

Scapula - Suprascapular Notch

• permits the suprascapular nerve to pass posteriorly

Humerus

• long bone

• permitting large ROM

Humerus - anatomical neck

is the border of the GH joint capsule (proximal)

Humerus - surgical neck

where the bone narrows (distal)

Humerus - tubercles

attachments sites for deep scapular muscles

Humerus - intertubercular groove

attachment site for superficial muscles and contain biceps brachii tendon

Humerus - deltoid tuberosity

roughened surface for the deltoid muscle

Humerus - radial groove

contains radial nerve

Anterior Muscles that are also synergists

• pectoralis minor

• serratus anterior

• subclavius

Pectoralis Minor - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - anterior ribs 3-5

• I - coracoid process

• A - anchors scapula, downward rotation, protraction

• In - medial pectoral nerve

Serratus Anterior - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - lateral ribs 1-8

• I - medial border

• A - anchors scapula, upward rotation, protraction

• In - long thoracic nerve

Subclavius - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - anterior rib 1

• I - inferior clavicle

• A - anchors clavicle

• In - nerve to subclavius

Anterior muscles anchor the scapula and clavicle which does…..

• translating the scapula anteriorly against posterior ribs

• translating the clavicle inferiorly against rib 1

Scapular Winging

scapula goes more laterally than medially

Posterior Muscles that also do retraction

• trapezius

• levator scapulae

• rhomboid major

• rhomboid minor

Upper Trapezius - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - nuchal ligament

• I - lateral clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine

• A - elevation, upward rotation

• In - CN XI (accessory nerve)

Middle Trapezius - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - SPs of C7 - T4

• I - lateral clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine

• A - retraction

• In - CN XI

Lower Trapezius - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - SPs of T4 - T12

• I - lateral clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine

• A - depression, upward rotation

• In - CN XI

Levator Scapulae - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - TPs of C1 - C4

• I - medial border

• A - elevation, downward rotation

• In - dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid Major - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - SPs of T2 - T5

• I - medial border

• A - elevation, downward rotation, retraction

• In - dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid Minor - origin, insertion, action, innervation

• O - SPs of C7 - T1

• I - medical border

• A - elevation, downward rotation, retraction

• In - dorsal scapular nerve