Module 3- Modern Approach to Ayurveda: Eating the Rainbow and Phytonutrient Science

Vocabulary and key concepts derived from the Eat the Rainbow lecture on phytonutrients and dietary diversity.

Phytonutrients

Natural compounds that protect plants from threats like bugs and fungi, and help maintain human health by affecting cellular structure and function.

Carotenoids

A group of phytonutrients including alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene that act as antioxidants to protect cells from damage by free radicals.

Free radicals

Molecules that can cause cellular damage, which caratenoids and other antioxidants help protect against.

Ellagic acid

A compound found in strawberries, walnuts, and pomegranates that provides anti-inflammatory benefits and protection from cancer.

Glucosinates

Phytonutrients found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and brussels sprouts that help limit cancer growth.

Polyphenols

A category of compounds including flavonoids and phenolic acids that help reduce the risk of chronic disease and modulate gut-microbial balance.

Resveratrol

An antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytonutrient found in grapes and wine that may reduce the risk of heart disease and certain cancers.

Epigenetic benefits

Health advantages provided by fruits and vegetables associated with a decreased risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and dementia.

Gut-microbial balance

The equilibrium of microorganisms in the gut, which is key to immune system function and can be beneficially modulated by polyphenols.

Beta-carotene

A carotenoid found in carrots and sweet potatoes; its absorption is higher in cooked versus raw formats.

Anthocyanins

Beneficial compounds found in red foods that help improve inflammation, immune responses, and stress responses.

Bioflavonoids

Phytonutrients associated with orange foods that support hormone regulation as well as skin, hair, and vision health.

Chlorophyll

A beneficial compound found in green vegetables, such as kale and spinach, that supports heart health and circulation.

Proanthocyanidins

Phytonutrients found in blue and purple foods, such as blackberries and eggplant, that support brain health and mood.

Community-supported agriculture (CSA)

An organization or program where individuals can sign up to learn about new produce and support local farmers.