09 Oral mucosa

stratified squamous epithelium overlying a connective tissue proper or lamina propria

Oral mucosa is composed of ?

Basement membrane

What lies between the epithelial tissue and connective tissue in the oral mucosa

lining mucosa

masticatory mucosa

and specialized mucosa.

What are the three main types of oral mucosa in the oral cavity?

Lining mucosa

A type of mucosa noted for its softer surface texture, moist surface and ability to stretch and be compressed, acting as a cushion for the underlying structures.

the buccal mucosa,

the labial mucosa,

the alveolar mucosa

the ventral surface of the tongue

and the soft palate

Lining mucosa includes?

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

lining mucosa is ?

smoother, with fewer and less pronounced rete ridges/pegs and connective tissue papillae

In lining mucosa, the interface between the epithelium and the lamina propria is generally ?

submucosa

compression

A ____________ deep to the lamina propria in lining mucosa is usually present, overlying muscle and it allows for the _______________ of the superficial tissue.

movable base

speech, mastication and swallowing.

The features of lining mucosa allow it to serve in regions in the oral cavity where a ______________ is needed, such as during ______________, ___________________, & ________________

Fordyce granules

In many areas of lining mucosa, especially the labial and buccal mucosa, there are ___________________. These appear as small, yellowish elevations on the surface of the mucosa. These are sebaceous glands.

Masticatory mucosa

______________________ is noted for its rubbery surface texture and resiliency.

the gingiva,

the hard palate

and the dorsal surface of the tongue.

Masticatory mucosa includes?

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Histologically, masticatory mucosa is associated with _______________ ______________ ____________________ epithelium.

rete ridges (rete pegs) and connective tissue papillae

Unlike lining mucosa the interface between the epithelium and lamina propria in masticatory mucosa is highly interdigitated with numerous and more pronounced ______________ & __________________, giving it a firm base.

Top layer is keratinized

The projections are rete ridges

submucosa

In Masticatory mucosa, the _______________ is a very thin layer or is absent.

firmness

mastication and speech.

When masticatory mucosa overlies bone, it increases the _____________ of the tissue.

These features allow this mucosa to function in the regions that need a firm base during ______________ & _________________

dorsal and lateral surface of the tongue

lingual papillae

Specialized mucosa is found on the ___________ & ____________ surface of the ___________ in the form of the ____________, which are discrete structures composed of epithelium and lamina propria.

nonkeratinized

Orthokeratinized

Parakeratinized.

Three types of stratified squamous epithelium are found within the oral cavity, which are?

Nonkeratinized

____________________ epithelium is associated with the lining mucosa.

Lining mucosa

Orthokeratinized and parakeratinized

___________________ & ___________________epithelium are associated with masticatory mucosa.

Masticatory mucosa

A basal layer

An intermediate layer or stratum intermedium

A superficial layer or stratum superficiale

Lining mucosal tissues have three layers of epithelium, which are?

labial mucosa

buccal mucosa

alveolar mucosa

mucosa lining the floor of the mouth,

the ventral surface of the tongue

the soft palate.

The nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium superficial layers lining mucosa include?

basal layer

The ______________ is the deepest of the three layers.

cuboidal epithelial cells

The basal layer is a single layer of _______________ epithelial cells overlying the basement membrane.

mitosis

The basal layer is where __________ occurs for cell replacement

larger, polyhedral-shaped cells

Cannot under go mitosis

The intermediate layer is composed of _______, ________________ cells, which are larger than the basal cells.

These cells cannot undergo ?

stratum superficiale

polyhedral-shaped

squames

squames

The most superficial layer in nonkeratinized epithelium is termed the superficial layer or __________________. This layer shows even larger ________________ cells with the outer layer flattening into __________.

The ___________ show shedding or loss as they age.

masticatory mucosa.

specialized mucosa of the lingual papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue.

Orthokeratinized epithelium is associated with the _____________________ & _________________

keratinization

superficial layers

Orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium shows _____________________ of the epithelial cells throughout its most ______________ layers.

Orthokeratinized epithelium

__________________________ is the least common form of epithelium found in the oral cavity.

basal

Four

Unlike nonkeratinized epithelium, orthokeratinized epithelium has more layers superficial to the _______ layer - ______ separate layers

prickle cell layer or stratum spinosum

mitosis

The second layer of orthokeratinized epithelium, superficial to the basal cell layer is the ______________ layer or _______________

The cells in this layer are not able to undergo ___________.

Prickle cell layer

This makes up the bulk of orthokeratinized epithelium

granular layer or stratum granulosum

flat and stacked in a layer three to five cells thick.

The third layer of orthokeratinized epithelium, superficial to the prickle cell layer is the ______________ or ___________________. The epithelial cells in this layer are _____ and _________ in a layer _________ to ____ cells thick.

keratin granules

keratin

These cells in the granular layer of orthokeratinized epithelium contain prominent _________ ____________ in their cytoplasm, which are precursors to the _________ found at the more superficial layer.

keratin layer or stratum corneum

Flat

And NO NUCLEUS

Cytoplasm filled with keratin

The most superficial layer in orthokeratinized epithelium is the _____________ or __________________. The cells in the keratin layer are ______ and have no ________ and their cytoplasm is filled with _________.

flattening

shed since they are no longer alive.

The outer cells of the keratin layer, or squames, show increased ________ and these cells are ?

masticatory mucosa of the attached gingiva

tongue's dorsal surface.

Parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium is associated with the _______________ of the _______________ and the __________________

In parakeratinized epithelium, the superficial cells still contain their nuclei.

The main difference between parakeratinized and orthokeratinized epithelium is in the cells of the keratin layer is?

nuclei

In parakeratinized epithelium, the superficial cells still contain their _________.

collagen fibers

elastic fibers

The main fiber group in the lamina propria is _______________, but ____________ are also present in many areas.

The papillary and dense connective tissue

The lamina propria has two layers, the __________ and ________________________ tissue.

superficial

loose connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves

The papillary layer of the lamina propria is the more ___________ layer and consists of ___________________, ______________, & _____________

deeper

dense connective tissue with a lot of fibers

The dense layer is the ___________ portion of the lamina propria and consists of ______________________ with a lot of _________.

submucosa

A ______________ in lamina propria may or may not be present deep to this layer, depending on the region of the oral mucosa.

bacteria

mechanical irritation and

protect against dryness.

All forms of epithelium act as a barrier to ? (3)

The labial & buccal mucosa

Both of these regions appear clinically as an opaque pink, shiny, moist, compressible tissue that stretches easily.

lining mucosa.

The mucosa of the lips and cheeks is classified as _____________

nonkeratinized

Very thick

lamina propria

vascular

pinkish

Histological features

The _______________ epithelium of the labial mucosa and buccal mucosa is ________ and overlies a ______________ with an extensive __________ supply, giving the mucosa a __________ appearance.

adipose tissue and minor salivary glands

The lamina propria overlies a submucosa that contains _____________ and __________________, giving the tissue its compressibility and moisture.

reddish-pink

vascular

vestibules

The alveolar mucosa is a ______________ tissue with blue ___________ areas.

The tissue is shiny and moist and lines the _____________ of the oral cavity.

Alveolar mucosa

lining mucosa

Alveolar mucosa is classified as a ______________.

superficial

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium is located on the _____________ layers of lining mucosa

thin nonkeratinized epithelium

Histological features

The epithelium of the alveolar mucosa is very ______ __________________ ______________ that overlies an extensive vascular supply in the lamina propria.

Connective tissue papillae

elastic fibers

mobility

Histological features

In Alveolar mucosa , ___________________ are sometimes not present and there are many _____________ present in the lamina propria allowing __________ of the tissue.

minor salivary glands

elastic fibers

loose connective tissue

The submucosa in Alveolar musical has minor ______________ and many ________ fibers in a _____________________ tissue.

reddish-pink tissue

vascular blue

moist, shiny and compressible

lining mucosa

Both the floor of the mouth and ventral surface of the tongue appear as a ___________ tissue with __________ areas of veins. The tissue is __________, __________, &_______________.

Both of these tissues are classified as _______________.

nonkeratinized

Both the floor of the mouth and ventral surface of the tongue have a very thin __________________ epithelium overlying a lamina propria with an extensive vascular supply therefore making the tissue red in appearance

connective tissue papillae

Histological features

The ______________________ of the lamina propria, are broad in the tissue of the floor of the mouth.

loose connective tissue with adipose tissue

submandibular and sublingual salivary glands.

The submucosa deep to the lamina propria of the floor of the mouth consists of ____________________ with _________ tissue and includes the __________________ and _____________ salivary glands.

connective tissue papillae

elastic fibers

minor salivary glands

Histological features

The _____________________ of the lamina propria of the tongue's ventral surface are numerous. Some _________ fibers and a few minor _______________ provide elasticity and moisture.

deep pink with a moist surface

speech and swallowing.

Clinical appearance

The posterior portion of the palate, the soft palate, is ___________ with a _______ surface. The tissue is compressible and very elastic to allow for __________ and ______________.

lining mucosa.

The mucosa of the soft palate is classified as ________________

nonkeratinized

The soft palate has a thin __________________ epithelium overlying a thick lamina propria.

connective tissue papillae

And elastic fibers

adipose tissue and minor salivary glands.

The soft palate has numerous __________________ and ________ fibers for increased mobility. The submucosa contains _________ tissue and minor _____________

masticatory

The attached gingiva that covers the alveolar bone is classified as a ________________ type of mucosa

pink, firm and immobile

Healthy attached gingiva is _______,__________, & ___________.

Stippling

_____________ may be observed clinically and are little depressions giving the surface of attached gingiva an "orange peel" appearance

mucogingival junction

the _________________, a sharply defined scalloped junction between the pinker attached gingiva and the redder alveolar mucosa.

parakeratinized epithelium

lamina propria

The attached gingiva has a thick layer of mainly __________________ epithelium overlying an extensive vascular supply in the ___________ making the tissue pink in color.

connective tissue papillae

stippling

The lamina propria of the attached gingiva has a tall, narrow ___________________, giving the tissue its ___________ due to a strong attachment or pull of the epithelium toward the lamina propria.

parakeratinized epithelium

lamina propria

The attached gingiva has a thick layer of mainly __________________ epithelium overlying an extensive vascular supply in the ___________ making the tissue pink in color.

connective tissue papillae

stippling

The lamina propria of the attached gingiva has a tall, narrow ___________________, giving the tissue its ___________ due to a strong attachment or pull of the epithelium toward the lamina propria.

Attached gingiva

No submucosa is present in the?

alveolar bone

The lamina propria of the attached gingiva is directly attached to the underlying _____________, making the attached gingiva firm and immobile

periosteum

mucoperiosteum

The lamina propria acts as a _______________ to the underlying jawbones and is termed the __________________.

keratinized

nonkeratinized

The mucogingival junction can be seen as a dividing zone between the _____________ attached gingiva and the ___________ alveolar mucosa.

hard palate

The _______________, appears pink and is immobile and firm. There is a cushioned feeling in the lateral portions and a firmer feeling in the medial portion.

adipose tissue

minor salivary glands

The submucosa in the anterior part of the lateral portion of the hard palate contains ______________.

The submucosa in the posterior part of the hard palate contains ____________________

Submucosa

mucoperiosteum

Histologic features

__________________ is absent in the medial portion of the hard palate and the lamina propria is firmly attached to the underlying bone and serves as a ___________________.

masticatory mucosa and specialized type of mucosa

The dorsal surface of the tongue has both a ________________ mucosa and _______________ type of mucosa present

ortho or parakeratinized

stratified squamous epithelium

The masticatory mucosa on the dorsal surface of the tongue is an _____________________ ______________ ________________ epithelium

lingual papillae.

The specialized type of oral mucosa found on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue are the________________?

keratinized

The lingual papillae are discrete structures of _______________ epithelium and lamina propria.

filiform

fungiform

foliate and

circumvallate papillae.

The four types of lingual papillae are ?

fungiform

foliate and

circumvallate

Three types of lingual papillae are associated with taste buds are the?

30 to 80

basement membrane to the epithelial surface

Taste buds are composed of ___ to ___ spindle-shaped cells that extend from the ___________________ to the _________________ of the lingual papilla.

taste pore

Dissolved molecules of food contact the taste receptors at the ___________, which is an opening in the most superficial portion of the taste bud

sweet, sour, salty and bitter

The four fundamental taste sensations - ?

filiform lingual papillae

2 to 3 mm

The _________________________ are the most numerous lingual papillae.

They are shaped like fine-pointed cones of __ to __ mm, with the tips turned toward the pharynx.

keratinized

The filiform papilla is a pointed structure with a thick layer of ________________ epithelium overlying a core of lamina propria.

Filiform

No tastebuds are located in which lingual papilla ?

guiding food toward the pharynx for swallowing.

The filiform papillae are thought to aid in ?

fungiform lingual papillae

The ________________________ are found in lesser numbers than the filiform on the body of the dorsal surface of the tongue.

reddish dots

mushroom

1 mm diameter

The fungiform appear as _____________ that are slightly raised and ___________ shaped and have a __ mm diameter.

keratinized

The fungiform lingual papillae is a mushroom-shaped structure with a thin layer of ______________ epithelium overlying a very vascularized core of lamina propria