Allison Basics of Medical Terminologies

what are the key componments of the muscular system ?

skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle

what is the muscular system responsible for ?

movement within the body, walking, talking, expressing feelings

what does the cardiovascular or circulatory system consist of ?

heart, blood vessels, and blood

what is the cardiovascular or circulatory system responsible for ?

providing nutrients such as hormones and oxygen to cells across the body while clearing away waste products like carbon dioxide. VERY IMPORTANT role in immune response and thermoregulation processes

what is the heart ?

the muscle organ pumps blood throughout the body

how many chambers does the heart has ?

4

what are four chambers of the heart ?

2 atrium ( upper chambers )

2 ventricles ( lower chambers )

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what is respiratory system essential for ?

facilitate gas exchange including oxygen and carbon dioxide

what are the main parts of the respiratory system ?

nose, throat, voicebox, windpipe, bronchial tubes, small airways, and lungs.

Nasal Cavity

first point of entry for air, air is filtered, warmed, and humidified before it proceeds to the lower respiratory tract

what is the pharynx (throat )?

tube like structure connects nasal cavtites to larynes and esophagus and plays an integral part in moving air toward lung cavities while food travels into esophagus

what is the larynx ( voicebox) ?

the organ responsible for voice production. it also prevents food and drink from entering the trachea

what is the trachea ( windpipe) ?

the main passages into the lungs that further branch into smaller bronchioles leading air into the alveoli where gas exchange occurs

what is the function of the lungs ?

the primary organs of respiration where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled

what is the function of the digestive system ?

decomposing food into essential nutrients that our body utilizes for energy, growth, and the mending of cells

what does the esophagus do ?

connects the mouth to the stomach, carrying food and liquids

what is the stomach ?

sac like organ further breaks down food with the help of acids and enzymes

what is the small intestine ?

a organ where most digestion and absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

what the three parts of the small intestine ?

the duodenum, jejenum, ileum

what does the large insteine do ? (colon)

absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, transmitting the useless waste material from the body

what are accessory organs ?

the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

what is the function of the accessory organs ?

aids in digestion by producing and storing enzymes and substances necessary for food breakdown

what does CNS stand for ?

central nervous system

what does cv stand for ?

cardiovascular

what does MSK stand for ?

musculoskeletal

what does ENT stand for ?

ear, nose, and throat

what does RLL stand for ?

Right Lower Lube

what does LUQ mean ?

Left upper lobe

what is a Glomerular Filtration Rate ? (GFR)

a test used to check how well the kidneys are working by estimating how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute

what does p.o mean ?

taken orally by mouth

what does b.i.d mean ?

twice a day ( bis in die )

what is t.i.d mean ?

three times a day

what does q.i.d mean ?

four times a day

what does q.h mean ?

every hour

what does p.r.n every hour ?

as needed

what does a.c mean ?

before meals

what does p.c mean ?

after meals

what does hs mean ?

at bedtime

what does mcg mean ?

micrograms, a unit of mrasure thats used for certain medications, especially hormones and vitamins

what does IU ?

international units used in the measure of vitamins, vaccines, and other medications