Biology

Cell

The smallest and basic unit of life that makes up all living things

Cell membrane

A thin layer that separates the inside of the cell from the outside enviroment

Cytoplasm

A jelly-like fluid where organelles float in

Mitrochondria

An organelle where energy is made

Protein

Large complex molecules that have a role in immunity, transport and structure in the human body

Enzyme

A special type of protein that catalyzes chemical reactions

Anabolic enzyme

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions

Catabolic enzyme

Breaks large molecules into smaller, simplier molecules

Substrate

A type of enzyme which joins too small molecules together

Product

The resulting molecule(s) after an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction

Active site

The area where the enzyme binds to the substrate

Optimum pH

The pH at which the enzyme works fastest and most efficient

Optimum temperature

The temperature at which the enzyme works the fastes and most efficiently

Denaturation

When the active site of an enzyme is permadently changed

Does anaerobic respiration make energy using oxygen

No

Does aerobic respiration make energy using oxygen

Yes

Catalyze

To speed up the process of a chemical reaction

Alcoholic fermentation

Glucose — ethonal + carbon dioxide + energy (ATP)

Lock and key method

The substrate fits perfectly and prisely to the enzymes active site

The thing that makes the enzymes collide

Kinetic energy

Where is anaerobic respiration

In the cytoplasm

Where is aerobic respiration

In the cytoplasm then mitochondria (matrix)

Whats the purpose for aerobic respiration

Lower intensity activies

Whats the purpose for anaerobic respiration

Higher intensity activities but not for long

Lower kenetic energy

Decreases the rate of collisions

Aerobic respiration word equation

Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)

Anaerobic respiration word equation

Glucose - lactic acid + energy (ATP)

Glucose converts to

Pyruvate through several enzymes

A futher 1-2 enzymes to

Convert pyruvate to lactic acid or alcoholic

Why can’t you undergo anaerobic respiration for a long time

Lactic acid build up

What type of respiration produces small amounts of energy

Anaerobic

What type of respiration produces larger amount of energy

Aerobic

Two types of anaerobic respiration

Lactic acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation

Anaerobic respiration produces

Lactase and hydrogen ions

Function of a ribosome

To produce proteins, it floats in the cytoplasm

Proteins break down to

Amino acids

The enzymes active site is unique just like a lock

Lock and key method