Mabisang Komunikasyon 11: Public, Ethical, Formal, and Informal Communication

Komunikasyong Pampubliko (Public Communication)

A major field of communication centered on the relationship and engagement of institutions, government bodies, and societal sectors with the public, rooted in building trust, credibility, and openness.

Tradisyonal na Komunikasyong Pampubliko (Traditional Public Communication)

Public communication conveyed primarily through speeches by leaders, press conferences, and official government proclamations.

Makabagong Komunikasyong Pampubliko (Digital Public Communication)

Modern public communication distributed beyond television and radio via digital and social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok for rapid dissemination.

Globalisasyon sa Komunikasyon (Globalization in Communication)

The broadening scope of public discourse extending beyond local boundaries to encompass global concerns such as climate change and human rights.

Komunikasyong Pampolitika (Political Communication)

Communication exemplified by presidential speeches, electoral campaigns, and the State of the Nation Address (SONA), aimed at informing the populace, mobilizing public support, and projecting political image.

Komunikasyong Panserbisyo Publiko (Public Service Communication)

Government initiatives and announcements designed to inform and educate the citizenry about social programs, including healthcare, education, and disaster management.

Pampublikong Relasyon at Komunikasyong Pangkorporasyon (Public Relations and Corporate Communication)

Institutional communication that fosters positive relationships with the public through press releases, corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, and crisis communication.

Elements of Effective Speech (Atkinson, 1984)

The principle that speech effectiveness depends on three core elements: a clear structure, compelling arguments, and an effective style of delivery.

Aristotelian Rhetorical Appeals (Ethos, Pathos, Logos)

Classical rhetorical modes of persuasion consisting of ethos (the character and credibility of the speaker), pathos (emotional appeal to the audience), and logos (logical reasoning and argumentation).

RPIE Model (Cutlip, Center, & Broom, 2006)

The four sequential stages required for an effective public relations campaign: Research, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.

Komunikasyong Pangkrisis (Crisis Communication / Coombs, 2007)

The rapid, honest, and transparent release of vital information during an emergency; failures such as delay or misinformation escalate damage and cause erosion of public trust.

Digital na Partisipasyon (Digital Engagement)

Online participation and civic mobilization that requires media literacy, fact-checking, and responsible digital media use to counteract the proliferation of fake news.

Public Sphere

An open assembly, forum, or digital venue where citizens can deliberate freely, express opinions, and contribute to democratic governance.

Echo Chamber

An isolated online environment or platform where users encounter only views reinforcing their own beliefs, deepening political and social polarization.

Digital Divide (Akses at Digital na Paghahati)

The unequal access to internet infrastructure, technology, and information that disadvantages marginalized populations, especially those in rural and remote regions.

E-Governance and Open Data

Government use of online systems and open portals (such as Open Data PH) to enhance efficiency, reduce red tape, curtail corruption, and promote transparent governance.

Etika sa Komunikasyong Pampubliko (Public Communication Ethics)

The moral standards and responsibilities that govern a communicator, ensuring that public messaging is not merely effective, but fair, accurate, truthful, and accountable.

Katotohanan at Katumpakan (Truth and Accuracy)

An ethical standard mandating communicators to verify facts, consult credible references, analyze data, and reject misinformation and disinformation.

Pagiging Bukas at Pananagutan (Transparency and Accountability)

An ethical principle where transparency provides clear, meaningful disclosures and accountability requires institutions and individuals to assume responsibility for the real-world consequences of their statements.

Paggalang at Responsabilidad (Respect and Responsibility)

Ethical communication that honors societal pluralism and active listening while firmly avoiding hate speech, derogatory slurs, and discriminatory rhetoric targeting minorities.

Pag-iwas sa Manipulasyon (Avoidance of Manipulation)

The ethical practice of encouraging open deliberation and reasoned dialogue while rejecting deceptive propaganda, black propaganda, and post-truth political manipulation.

Inklusibong Diskurso (Inclusive Discourse)

Public discourse that consciously integrates and values all voices, ensuring that marginalized, underrepresented, and lower socioeconomic groups have an active platform.

Intersectionality (Kasarian at Pagkakaugnay ng mga Identidad)

The recognition of interconnected social identities (such as gender, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status), necessitating deliberate inclusion of women, LGBTQ+, and vulnerable sectors