Human Anatomy and Physiology Study Guide: Directional Terms, Body Planes, Tissues, Skull Bones, and Bone Types

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering directional anatomical terms, planes of the body, body cavity divisions, visual descriptions of the four main tissue types, bones and muscles of the skull, and bone classifications.

Superior

A directional term meaning closer to the head.

Inferior

A directional term meaning farther from the head.

Proximal

A directional term meaning closer to the point of attachment.

Distal

A directional term meaning farther from the point of attachment.

Anterior

A directional term referring to the front.

Posterior

A directional term referring to the back.

Sagittal plane

A body plane that divides the body into left and right sides.

Frontal/coronal plane

A body plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Transverse plane

A body plane that divides the body into top and bottom.

Dorsal cavity

The body cavity division that includes the cranial and vertebrae cavities.

Ventral cavity

The body cavity division that includes the thoracic, diaphragm, abdominal, and pelvic regions.

Nervous tissue

A tissue type that looks like an interconnective spider web.

Epithelial tissue

A tissue type that looks like individual columns with neurons in them.

Connective tissue

A tissue type characterized visually by scribbles with honeycomb in the middle.

Muscle tissue

A tissue type whose fibers within look like branches.

Frontal bone

The skull bone of the forehead.

Nasal bone

The bone of the nose.

Left parietal bone

The bone on the side of the skull located above the ear.

Occipital bone

The skull bone located at the back/bottom of the head.

Maxilla

The skull/facial bone located above the teeth.

Mandible

The jaw bone.

Orbicularis oculi

A structure associated with the eye socket.

Orbicularis oris

A structure associated with the mouth and the majority of the lips.

Temporalis

A structure associated with the temple.

Flat bones

Bones that are flat with no marrow cavity.

Long bones

Bones that are long with a long shaft.

Irregular bones

Compact bones that are unlike other bone types.