Glycolysis Flashcards

Flashcards about glycolysis.

Pyruvate Decarboxylase

The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of acetaldehyde and CO2 from pyruvate, is not present in animals.

Thiamine Pyrophosphate

Vitamin B1 is a component of the coenzyme essential for development of an electron sink necessary for decarboxylation of pyruvate.

ATP

Glycolysis forms under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Pyruvate

The product of glycolysis, along with ATP, NADH.

NAD+

The coenzyme that is the oxidizing agent in both aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis.

Fluoride Ion

An inhibitor of enolase which was useful in elucidating the glycolytic pathway.

Galactosemia

A genetic deficiency of a single transferase enzyme required for sugar group exchange causes the medical condition which results in failure to thrive, mental retardation, and potential liver damage.

Phosphofructokinase

The enzyme that is the major control point for glycolysis in muscle.

Pentose Phosphate

The pathway that produces NADPH used in lipid biosynthesis.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

The enzyme that participates in a regulatory substrate cycle along with phosphofructokinase.

Lactate

What glucose is converted to in skeletal muscle under anaerobic conditions.

Hexokinase

The enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to glucose.

Cytosol

Where the enzymes that catalyze glycolysis are located.

Aldolase

The enzyme that forms a Schiff base upon formation of the enzyme-substrate complex allowing aspartate mediated cleavage of the substrate.

Alcoholic Fermentation

Acetaldehyde is produced by the decarboxylation of pyruvate.

Phosphomannose Isomerase

The metabolism of mannose requires this to produce fructose-6-phosphate for entry into the glycolytic pathway.

Substrate-level Phosphorylation

Glycolytic synthesis of ATP occurs via this method.

Cysteine

Experimental evidence indicates that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase contains a critical residue in its active site, as shown by its inactivation by iodoacetamide.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Catalyzes the conversion of methanol to formaldehyde.

Pyruvate Kinase

Enzyme involved in substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis.