Quantitative research

the use of reason and logic to derive the truth

Rationalism

the mind and the body are conceptually seperate

Mind-Body Dualism

He developed psychophysics, interested in relations between sensations and physical stimuli

Gustav Fechner

Uniting the mind and body mathematcally using experimental methods

Psychophysics

He established the first psychology laboratory

Willhelm Wundt

Wundt’s Experimental Methods: __- breaking down mental processes into their basic elements

Structuralism

Wundt’s Experimental Methods: __- training people to objectively analyse the content of their own thoughts

Introspection

he published the ‘Origin of Species’, arguments are evidence based

Darwin

How human behaviour and mental processes serve to adapt an individual to a changing environment

Functionalism

He deemed that intelligence is inherent, argued eugenics and measured human ability and classified it ‘individual differences’

Francis Galton

He was the father of American psychology and wrote ‘The Principles of Psychology’

William James

Science:__-verifiable by observation, measurement or experimentation, rather than just reason and logic.

Emperical

Science:__- he process of using logic to interpret evidence, draw conclusions, and develop explanations based on observations and data

Reasoning

Science:__- from general statements to certain conclusion

Deduction

Science:__- from general statements to probable validity of a conclusion

Induction

how can we justify the assumption that what has happened in the past will happen in the future?

David Hume’s problem of induction:

he had the desire to answer life’s significant questions, mind + body are conceptually separate, but they interact

Rene Descartes

Disagreed with Descartes

John Locke

Our knowledge of the world is constructed through experiences

Empiricism