Geology Quiz 2

I decided to start making these notes early because this quiz is in just a week.

Krakatoa/Krakatau volcano type

It was a stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano. This volcano was significant because of its size and devastation in its 1883 eruption.

Precursors of eruption

The volcano began trembling. For months, the volcano was shaking.

Tectonic setting

Krakatau, like Indonesia as a whole, is in a hotspot for earthquakes and volcanoes.

Evidence of continuing activity

There are also tsunamis and occasional eruptions on an island Krakatoa called of Anak Krakatau.

Tsunamis after Krakatau

Krakatau’s pyroclastic flow caused tsunamis in its submarine collapse.

How much more intense was Krakatao than Mt. St. Helens?

20 times

Cooling effect of volcanos

-0.4 degrees C for Krakatau (1884), and -3 C in 1816.

Geogrraphical features preduced by Krakatao, Santorini, and Toba

Calderas

Direction of arrows on volcanos

Draw the arrow from younger to older volcano data. This also marks the direction of plate momentum.

Cause of hotspots

Plumes of solid mantle material risingq.

Most advanced stage of plume material

Long tail but lacks head

Top Volcanic Continental Hotspots

Hawaii, Yellowstone, Iceland

Direction of Snake River Plain

Southwest

Topography of Yellowstone Park

A depression over a generally high area

Category of Volcano of Yellowstone Eruptions

Supervolcano

Direction the eruptions did NOT blow in

Northwest

VEI of eruptions

Icelandic and Hawaiian at 1, Yellowstone Plinian supervolcano at up to 8.

Fractionation

The process of solid lava material breaking up.

Convergent boundaries importance

Ocean plates subduct each other, but volcanic subduction activity doesn’t happen at continental ones.