Support and Transport Systems in Plants: Transpiration

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14 Terms

1
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  1. Transpiration


Loss of water vapour from the aerial parts of a plant through the stomata.

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  1. Guttation


Formation of water droplets around the margins of leaves due to root pressure.

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  1. Humidity


The amount of water vapour in the air.

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  1. Wilting


When a plant becomes limp because it has lost too much water.

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  1. How does the position of stomata reduce water loss?


More stomata occur on the lower surface, where they are less exposed to direct sunlight.


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  1. Sunken stomata


Stomata positioned in depressions that trap air and reduce the diffusion gradient.

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  1. How does a thick cuticle reduce water loss?


It forms a protective waxy layer that reduces evaporation.


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  1. How does a small leaf surface reduce water loss?



It provides a smaller surface area for evaporation.


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  1. How does leaf arrangement reduce water loss?


It reduces exposure of the lamina to direct sunlight.


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  1. Effect of temperature on transpiration


Higher temperatures increase water molecule movement and increase transpiration.

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  1. Effect of wind on transpiration


Wind removes water vapour near the leaf surface, increasing transpiration.

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  1. Effect of humidity on transpiration


High humidity decreases transpiration because the diffusion gradient is smaller.

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  1. Effect of light intensity on transpiration


Brighter light opens stomata more, increasing transpiration.

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  1. Potometer


An apparatus used to measure the rate of water uptake to estimate transpiration rate.