Chapter 8: Medical Terminology

The Respiratory System

Air enters the nasal cavity through the ____ when you breathe through your nose.

Nares

When food is swallowed, the tongue pushes down the ____ to close the glottis and direct food into the esophagus behind it.

Epiglottis

What is the name of the two main branches that serve as the airways going to the right and left lungs?

Bronchi

Pulmonologist

Physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of lung/pulmonary condition

Registered Respiratory Therapists

Assist physicians in evaluating, treating, and caring for patients who have respiratory disorders

Respiratory Therapy Technicians

Assist physicians and RRTs in evaluating, monitoring, and treatment patients

Sleep technologists

Trained in sleep technology and sleep medicine

What are the main organs of respiration and are located in the thoratic cavity?

Lungs

Select the elements of the respiratory tract

stomach

nose

larynx

pharynx

trachea

nose, larynx, pharynx, trachea

Bronchi divide into:

Bronchioles

What divides the nasal cavity into the right and left compartments?

Nasal Septum

Deconstruct the word Lobar

Lob-

ar

What is the upper opening into the larynx from the oropharynx called?

Glottis

A common cold is also known as a viral ____ respiratory infection.

Upper

The rigid tube that descends from the larynx is called the:

trachea

The medical term for difficult breathing is:

dyspnea

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3

The opposite of tachypnea is ____.

bradypnea

What do bronchioles divide into that are thin-walled sacs?

Alveoli

A subdivision of an organ or other part is termed:

Lobe

An infection of the paranasal sinuses that is often following a viral upper respiratory tract infection is called:

sinusitis

Deconstruct the term cyanosis

cyan

osis

What is the medical term for rapid rate of breathing?

Tachypnea

The term that describes difficult breathing is:

dyspnea

Slow breathing is termed:

bradypnea

Deconstruct eupnea

eu

pnea

Bronchi divide into:

Bronchioles

Deconstruct the term hemoptysis

hem

o

ptysis

Deconstruct the term lobar

lob

ar

The term that means pertaining to or suffering from asthma is

asthmatic

The word elements in eupnea

Root

Prefix

Chronic dilation of the bronchi following inflammatory disease and obstruction is termed:

bronchiectasis

bloody sputum is called:

hemoptysis

inflammation of the small bronchioles is called:

bronchiololitis

Word elements of tachypnea

prefix

root

The plural of bulla is

bullae

A condition in which there is excess carbon dioxide

hypercapnia

Episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways:

asthma

The complication of bacterial pneumonia or cancer is:

lung abscess

word elements of bronchiectasis

Root

combining form

suffix

inflammation of the bronci is called

bronchitis

Deconstruct the term pleurisy

pleur

isy

The latin term for bubble is

bulla

Word elements for pneumonitis

Root

suffix

what is a progressive lower respiratory tract disease known as COPD

Chronic obstruction pulmonary disease

Deconstruct the term laryngoscope

laryng/o

scope

A genetic disorder caused by an increased viscosity of secretions from the pancreas, salivary glands, liver, intestine, and lungs is:

cystic fibrosis

An instrument used to measure respiratory volumes is called:

spirometer

Chronic dilation of the bronchi following inflammatory disease and obstruction is termed:

bronchiectasis

what is a surgical removal of a lobe called?

lobectomy

word elements for pleurisy

Root

suffix

Deconstruct the term respirator

re

spir

ator

select all the options that are inflammation of the lung parenchyma (tissue)

hemothorax

pneumonitis

pneumonia

atelectasis

Pneumonitis

pneumonia

The test to monitor brain waves, muscle tension, eye movement, and oxygen levels in the blood as the patient sleeps is:

polysomnography

Deconstruct the term tracheotomy

trache/o

tomy

Word elements for spirometry

Root

Combining form

suffix

Deconstruct the term lobectomy

lob

ectomy

Another word for ventilator is:

Respirator

Deconstruct the term pneumonia

pneumon

ia

Insertion of a tube into the windpipe to assist breathing is termed

tracheostomy

Deconstruct the term spirometer

spir/o

meter

Deconstruct the term tracheostomy

trache/o

stomy

The medical term for croup is

laryngotracheobronchitis

When a lung segment becomes airless as a result of infection, the lung is said to be

consolidated???

Sarcoidosis is a form of the disease called

granulomatous

When an area of the lung collapses as a result of bronchial obstruction, this is called:

atelectasis??

A specialist in the study of the lung is called

pulmonologist

Plural of the word bronchus

bronchi

benign tumors of the larynx can be

polyps, papillomas??

Anthracosis is a form of

pneumoconiosis

New opening in the neck to the trachea

tracheostomy

The word hypercapnia refers to an increased level of ____ in the arterial bloodstream

carbon dioxide??

Mechanical Ventilation

process by which gases are moved into and out of the lungs via a ventilator that is set to meet the respiratory requirements of the patient

Examination of the mediastinum

mediastinoscopy

Where else in the body would the term septa apply?

lungs?

True or False - Asthma is inflammation of the bronchiole tubes

True

True or false — Construction of the bronchial muscle can be found in asthma

true

True or False — The most important asthma medications are short-acting anti inflammatory drugs

false

An example of short acting anti inflammatory drug is

beta-agonists

Bronchodilators cause the bronchial smooth muscles to:

relax quickly

True or False — Rescue medications opens airways slowly

false

Asthma is a ____ disease

Chronic

As the ____ contracts and relaxes, air moves freely in and out of the trachea.

diaphragm

True or False — Physiological conditions such as stress, strong emotions and exercise can tigger asthma.

True

Ashthma is a disease that affects airflow in and out of the

bronchial tubes

True or False — Parasympathetic stimulation causes bronchoconstriction

True

parasympathetic = airways constrict (narrow)

Sympathetic = Airways dilate (open wider)

An example of a chemical mediator that can precipitate a bronchospasm is

histamine, kinins, prostaglandins and leukotrienes

The term pharyngitis can be translated to mean “sore throat”

true

Select the parts that make up the upper respiratory tract.

Nose

mouth

larynx

pharynx

The shape of the pharynx forces air in the upper respiratory tract to turn downward ____ degrees

90 degrees

Large particles that cannot turn down the pharynx get trapped on the mucosa of the ____ pharyngeal wall

posterior

True or False — The palatine tonsils contain immune cells which destory infectious pathogens

true

Which is the medical term used for the common cold

nasopharyngitis

Identify the progressive, non-infectious lung disorder affecting the alveoli and bronchioles

COPD — chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

Describe the function for the layer of mucus inside the air passages of the respiratory tree

the mucus traps dust and other particles??

The diagnostic method of listening to body sounds with a stethoscope is called:

Ausculation

The prefix when added to the root -pnea means normal breathing?

Eu-

The physican orders medical therapy for a hospitalized patient diagnosed with asthma. The professional that would deliver this therapy would be

RRT

what procedure removes an entire lung?

Pneumonectomy

Which procedure removes fluid from the pleural cavity using a needle?

Thoracentesis