Anatomy exam 1

Chondrocytes are cells of what type of tissue class?

connective

Which of the skull bones has a sagittal suture?

Parietal

True or False:

Sutures have cartilage to help the articulation of the skull bones

false

Which of the following bones has a sinus?

a) Occipital

b) Palatine

c) Mandible

d) Frontal

Frontal

Fill in the missing bones that form the following structures of the orbit:

Roof:

1. Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

2. A

Orbital plate of frontal bone

Medial wall:

1. Frontal process of the maxilla

2. Orbital plate of ethmoid bone

3. B

Lacrimal bone

Floor:

1. Orbital process of the palatine bone

2. C

Orbital surface of maxilla

Lateral surface:

1. Zygomatic process of the frontal bone

2. Greater wing of sphenoid

3. D

Zygomatic bone - orbital surface

Which of the following sentences is false regarding dense

(cortical) bone?

a) Has trabeculae that follow lines of stress

b) Has osteons

c) It is vascularized

d) It has both osteoclasts and osteoblasts

e) It is delimited by periosteum

A

The term bone detoxification is a misnomer in part because

A) Bones are not able to store toxic compounds.

B) Detoxification only refers to the elimination of compounds from the body

C) Substances can be toxic to the bone matrix.

D) Once a toxic compound is incorporated into bone it is no longer biologically

available.

E) The bone turnover rate is too fast.

C

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

coxal bones, sacrum

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

clavicle, scapula

Thin, often curved bones are classified as what shape?

flat

what is the term for the connective tissue sheath around the bone?

Periosteum

Hollow space within the diaphysis of a long bone

medullary cavity

What is the name for the channel that extends vertically through the center of an osteon?

Haversian Canal/Central Canal

What shape are the carpal bones of the wrist?

short

Bone remodeling accounts for replacement of ___ of skeletal tissue per year

10%

What is the expanded end of the long bone to which tendons and ligaments attach called?

epiphysis

the shaft of the long bone is called the:

Diaphysis

the layer of reticular connective tissue lining the internal surfaces of the bone is called:

endosteum

what are the stem cells of bone tissue called?

osteogenic

What are bone dissolving cells called?

osteoclasts

What are bone building cells called?

osteoblasts

the process that converts fibrous sheets into bone is _____ ossification

intermembranous

an increase in the length of a bone occurs through ___ growth

interstitial

where is the carotid canal?

B

the major blood supply to the brain is carried by an artery that passes through the ___

carotid canal

Identify the depression in the mandible indicated by the arrow

mandibular fossa

identify the supraorbital foramen

A

the temporal bone structure indicated by A is the:

internal acoustic meatus

the posterior wall and the base of the cranium is formed by the ___ bone

occipital

the depression on the distal posterior humerus that accommodates the ulna is called the ____ fossa

olecranon

the articulation between the scapula and the clavicle is the ____ joint

acromioclavicular

what class of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

synovial/gliding

the anterior lip of the trochlear notch is formed by the ____ fossa

coronoid

the articulation between the sternum and the medial end of the clavicle is the ____ joint

sternoclavicular

what type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

synovial / saddle

the bony process indicated by E is the ____

iliac spine

the articulation between the scapula and humerus is the ___ joint

glenohumeral

what type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

ball and socket

the bone that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula is the:

humerus

the condyle of the humerus that articulates with the radius is the ___ and the condyle that articulates with the ulna is the ____

capitulum, trochlea

termination of the distal biceps and brachii tendon

radial tuberosity

articulate with the scaphoid and lunate bones

articular facets

articulates with the end of the ulna

ulnar notch

the part of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow is called the:

olecranon process

the bones of that allow side to side and anterior posterior wrist movements

carpal bones

the region the acetabulum that is labeled B in the figure is a portion of the bone called the:

ilium

the articulation between the hip bone and the sacrum in the ___ joint

sacroiliac

what type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

synovial/gliding

the ossification of the limbs and girdles is completed when a person is about age:

20-30

types of fibrous joints

sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses

w

what is the least flexible class of joint?

bony joint

types of cartilaginous joints

syndochondroses, symphyses

joint where bones are joined by hyaline costal cartilage

syndochondroses

two bones joined by fibrocartilage

symphysis

the interosseous membrane is an example of a _____ joint

syndesmoses

what type of joint connects the first rib to the sternum?

syndochondroses

the pubic symphyses is an example of a ____ joint

symphyses/cartilaginous

most movable joint

synovial joint

types of synovial joints:

glide, hinge, pivot, saddle, condylar, ball and socket

what three anatomical features distinguish synovial joints from all the other types of joints?

1. articular cartilage

2. synovial capsule

3. articular capsule

a strip of tough colleganous tissue attaching bone to bone is called a:

ligament

synchondroses and symphyses are types of what kind of joint?

Cartilagenous

a movement that decreases joint angles is called:

flexion

in which type of joint are the bones separated by a narrow, fluid-filled encapsulated space?

synovial

collegenous band connecting bone to bone

ligament

which two bones form the jaw (temporomandibular) joint?

temporal bone and mandible

starting from zero position, the movement off bending the elbow from 180° to 90° is

flexion

the articulations that comprise the elbow (trochoginglymus) joint are the ____ joint and the _____ joint

humeroulner, humeroradial

the patella and its ligament form the ____ joint with the femur

patellofemoral

the arrow labeled A in this figure of the skull is pointing out the ____ joint

temporomandibular

contraction of the calf muscles causes what action of the foot?

plantar flexion

what is the anatomical name for the shoulder joint?

glenohumeral joint

the point where the head of the femur inserts into the acetabulum is called the ___ joint

coxal

which joint is formed by the anterior articulation between the femur and patella?

patellofemoral joint

the calf muscles cause plantar flexion of the foot via the ____ tendon

calcaneal (achilles) tendon