MOD7 nerves part 1

what are cranial nerves:

PNS nerves connected to the brain

what are classifications of cranial nerves:

primarily sensory nerves, special sensory, motor, mixed

what are special sensory nerves:

carry information for the special senses: smell, sight, hearing and balance

name special sensory nerves:

olfactory nerves: for smell

optic nerves: vision

name motor nerves responsible for eye movement:

oculomotor nerves

trochlear nerves

abducens nerves

name and explain muscles of the eye:

inferior rectus: eye looks inferiorly (+ medial, superior and lateral)

inferior oblique: eye looks superiorly and laterally (+ superior oblique)

origin and destination of oculomotor nerves:

mid brain

diencephalon

origin and destination of trochlear nerves:

midbrain

superior oblique muscles

origin and destination of abducens nerves:

pons

lateral rectus muscle

explain maxillary nerve:

sensory for lower eyelid, upper lip, gums, teeth, cheek, nose

explain mandibular nerve:

sensory for lower gums, teeth, part of tongue

explain destination of maxillary and mandibular nerve:

sensory nuclei in pons

explain facial nerves:

sensory for taste receptors on anterior 2/3 of tongue

destination of facial nerves:

sensory nuclei of pons

what is bells palsy:

nerve disorder from inflammation of facial nerves

signs and symptoms of bells palsy:

paralysis of facial muscles

loss of taste sensation

explain vestibular nerve:

balance and equilibrium

explain cochlear nerve:

for hearing

explain origin and destination of vestibulocochlear nerves:

originate at receptors of internal ear

destination is vestibular and cochlear nuclei of the pons and medulla oblongata

function of glosspharyngeal nerves:

mixed nerves to the head and neck

explain origin and destination of glossopharyngeal nerves:

posterior 1/3 tongue, pharynx

destination: sensory nuclei of medulla oblongata

function of vagus nerves:

mixed nerves in thorax and abdomen

origin and destination of vagus nerves:

origin: sensory for pharynx, auricle, diaphragm, organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities

destination: sensory nuclei of medullar oblongata

explain superior and inferior ganglion:

contains sensory neurons

function of accessory nerves:

motor to muscles of neck and upper back

origin of accessory nerves:

motor nuclei of spinal cord

destination of accessory structures:

internal: palate, pharynx, larynx

external: trapezius

explain spinal root:

contains motor fibers

explain cranial root:

motor fibres that originate in medulla oblongata

function of hypoglossal nerves:

motor for tongue movements

origin and destination of hypoglossal nerves:

origin: motor nuclei of medulla oblongata

destination: muscles of tongue

explain cranial reflexes;

automatic response to stimuli that involve the sensory and motor fibres of cranial nerves

motor origin for most nerves are:

motor nuclei of pons or medulla oblongata