Neonate, APGAR, Lactation & Contraception

What happens to baby after birth

increase in CO2 → acidosis (blood is more acidic) → respiratory control centers → first inhaltion/ breath

surfactant where is it and what does it do

surfactant in alveolar fluid (in the alveolis) → reduce surface tension to keep the alveoli open and remain open (breathing becomes easier) / not collapse

Respiratory rate of baby

45 breaths per min for first 2 weeks → declines

Why are premature babies / premies usually put on respirators

because their lungs are still immature and undeveloped + too little surfactants
→ alveoli can collapse easily

Neonatal period

4 week period immediately after birth

when is physical status assessed and how

1 & 5 minutes after birth through apgar score

apgar

appearnce, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration (each has 0-2 points) → 8-10 is healthy

Lactation

production of milk by mammary glands

What causes lactation

anterior pituitary gland releases prolactin → production of milk

What does oxytocin do

Oxytocin causes the let down reflex → the actual ejection of milk from mammary glands (not production)

colostrum

yellowish secretion rich in vitamin a, protein, minerals, and iGA antibodies released in first 2-3 days