"State Names" by Jaune Quick-to-See Smith-2000 (57-61)

The experience of holding a physical map is more or less common today than a generation ago? What about experience reading maps?

Less common; Most people still have experience reading maps

What may maps do?

Map out important landmarks or sites of interest, or simply use an algorithm to tell us quickest route from point A→B

What technology has made maps more available than ever before?

Satellite Imaging

Starting in what century did drawn or printed maps begin?q

15th century

When did the Age of European Exploration begin?

15th century

What is cartohgraphy?

The art of mapmaking

Cartography became a tool for what?

Navigation, exploration and control

Maps are often thought of as Reflections of what?

A reflection of objective reality

What are digital maps often created with?

Satillite images, street views and geological/demographic data

What are maps primary function?

Be accurateas navigational guides

What does maps being successful at being navigational likes NOT imply?

That maps are neutral

Why are maps not neutral?

Choices about what to include and exclude are made, as well as how to show prominent information

How can a mapping app reflect bias?

Highlighting certain businesses that pay for boosted visibility

What does the history of mapmaking suggest?

That early modern maps are often a European tool to locate and dominate palaces and people

How did Europeans make maps “to locate and dominateepalces and people?”

Using strategies of drawing boundaries, gridding, and naming

Who made the 1662 Map of New elgium and New England?/

Joan Blaeu

Who is Joan Blaeu?

Creater the Map of New belgium and New England

How is Joan Blaeu’s “Map of New Belgium and New England” typical of early modern maps?

Contains little usable navigational information

What are Portolan charts?

Navigational guides for sailors that only mapped the outline of a coastal area

How did POrtolan charts show interior region of landmasses?

Blank, but might be filled in gradually as travelers gained more info about places

Who described that maps helped create “cartographic culture” that helped early explorers “imagine” America by envisioning how they might fill empty spaces with knowledge about a new place?

William Boelhower

What did William Boelhower say regarding what maps created?

He claimed they created a cartographic culture where explorers imagined America by imagining what would fill empty spaces on maps

Were all early maps useful for navigation?

No, some were actually useless, instead showing vignettes of local people, animals, and plants or marked areas of p[political influuence

Areas of large political influence were marked how on early maps?

Large crests or coats of arms

Over time more _________ forms of mapmaking stressed what?

Scientific forms; Accurate surveying, consistent sale, and use of grid lines for standardization

By the end of what century was American mapmaking ga highly developed business?

18th century

Consumers of American maps had what expectation?

That maps would accurately display features of specific locations and convey the correct distances between places

The establishment of what was important in mapping AMerica?

United States Geological Survey

When was the US Geological Survey estalibhsedd?

After the Civil War

What was the United States Geological Survey initially created for?

Determining optimal routes for railway lines

The US Geological survey’s mission expanded over what century?

The rest of the 19th century following the civil war

What did Jason Weems note about cartography in the late 19th century?

“was no longer concerned only with filling in blank spots on the map but also with the collection and communication of deeply detailed and actionable information”

When was the first major survey authorized?

1867

Who led the first major survey?

Ferdinand V. Hayden

When did Ferdinand V. Hayden lead the first major survey?

1871

What was Hayden’s brief in the first major survey?

To map and document the Yellowstone region of Wyoming, recording important features, local resources, and flora and fauna

Where was the first major survey?

Yellowstone region, Wyoming

Which 2 artists were included in the survey team for the first major survey?

Thomas Moran and WIlliam Henry Jackson

What is Jason Weems’ career?

Art Historian

Wiulliam Henry Jackson is known as what kind of artist?

Photographer

Thomas Moran is known as what kind of artist?

A painter

Alongside scientific participants what other participants were also important on survey teams?

Artists

Scientific participants for surveys included who?

Surveyors, cartographers, geologists, botanists, zoologists, and meteorologists

What did images created by survey artists allow for?

Indelible (Unable to erase) visions of the American west in popular imagination

Each survey by the US Geological Survey produced what?

Detailed Topographical maps that were printed by the government and made public

Who claimed that the government cant do any scientific work of more value to people than making topograhic maps?

John Wesley Powell

When did John Wesley Powell make his claim about the government making topographic maps?

184

Why are names on maps important?

They give a place a concrete presence and identity

Toponyms are deeply encoded with whAt?

History and meaning

What do American toponyms often derive from?

Names of rulers or historical figures; local land owners or developers; geographic features; religious features and Biblical Locations; people or places from the ancient world; and from words in other languages

What are examples of AMerican Toponyms which derive from rulers or important historical figures?

Maryland, Carolina, Washington, Columbia

What are examples of American toponyms which are derived from local landowners or developers?

Austin, Fairfax, Bozeman

What are examples of AMerican toponyms which are derived from geographic features?

Little Rock, Council Bluffs, Grand Rapids

What are examples of American toponyms which are derived from religious figures and biblical locations?

Bethesda, Canaan, San Fransisco

What are examples of AMerican toponyms which are derived from people or places from the ancient world?

Cairo, Carthage, Cincinnati

What languages are American toponyms derived from?

English, French, Spanish, Dutch, German and dozens of indigenous languages

What were indigenous place names often used to indicate the presence of?

Former native peoples in that location

How does the act of using toponyms related to indigenous languages continue today?

Contemporary Native American Artists utilize indigenous toponyms in their works

Who was Jaune Quick-To-See?

An important indigenous artist and curator

What mediums was Jaune Quick-To-See known for?

Paintings, collages, and instillation art

What subject matter was Jaune QUick-To-See known for?

Art deailing with Native American history and culture

What does “State Names” engage with?

Histories of cartography and naming

What contrast is present in “State Names” involving the usage of the United States Map?

The scientific forms of knowing of the map with the more embodied local relationship with place in native communities

When was “State Names” made?

2000

When was Jaune Quick-To-See Smith born?>

1940

Jaune Smith was part of what tribes?

Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes

What nation was Jaune Smith a part of?

The Flathead Nation of Montana

Why was Jaune Smith’s childhood difficult?

She was raised by a single dad who struggled to find work

What did Jaune Smith’s dad work a?

A horse trainer and rodeo performer

What skill and interest did Jaune Smith pickup from her father?

Carpentry and an interest for creating beautiful things by hand

When did Jaune Smith begin taking college art classes?

1958

When did Jaune SMith complete her undergraduate degree?

1976

How many years after beginning her college art classes did Jaune SMith finish her undergraduate degree?

18

How old was Jaune Smith whens he finished her undergrad degree?

36

When did Jaune Smith move to New Mexico?

1976

Where did Jaune Smith move in 1976?

New Mexico

Who took the photo of Jaune Smith in the art resource guide?

Thomas King

Where did Jaune Smith begin her curational career?

New Mexico

Where did Jaune Smith earn her Masters?

University of New Mexico

When did Jaune Smith earn her masters?

1980

Jaune Smith was best known for which of her works?

Her large-scale artworks dealing with histories of native American life and representation in the US

What are Jaune Smith’s best known pieces?

“The Red Mean: Self-Portrait,” and “Trade: Gifts for Trading Land with White People”

When was “The Red Mean: Self Portrait” made?

1992

When was “Trade: Gifts for Trading Land with White People” made ?

1992

Jaune Smith’s works incorporate layered references to what?

Pop culture, art history, ecology, and American history

What did Jaune Smith write regarding herlifes work?

Her work involves ”examining contemporary life in AMerica and interpreting it through Native ideology”

When did Jaune SMith curateher first major exhibition?

1992

Jaune Smith’s first major curated exhibition features how many contemporary native American artists?

38

How many locations did Jaune SMith’s first major curated exhibition travel to?

A dozen locations

What was Jaune Smith’s first major curated exhibition?

Submuloc Show - Columbus Whos

What was Smiths 1992 exhibition a response to?

Christopher COlumbus’s arrival 500th anniversary to landing in the americas

What was Smith’s most recent curatorial project?

“The Land Carries our Ancestors: Contemporary Art by Native Americans”

Where was Jaune Smith’s most recent curatorial project?

The National Gallery of Art

When was Smith’s most recent Curatorial project?

2023-2024

When did Jaune Smith pass away?

2025

Th Map of Central Washington state in the art resource guide comes from what source?

The Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office

When does the map of Central Washington state in the art resource guide date to?

1893

What is State Names about?

The origin of place names in North America

What does State Names show?

a map of the US with parts of mexico and canada, surrounded by an inky black ocean

What states are labeled in State Name?

Those of indigenous origin