DNTL 167 - LO1 LS3 PP Review

All information taken from LO1 LS3 PP / Slide Deck

sterilization

kills all microorganisms and must be able to test for quality assurance

disinfection

kills some but not all microorganisms and cannot be tested for quality assurance

categories of re-usable client care items

critical items, semi-critical items, and non-critical items

critical items penetrate

soft tissue or bone

critical items must be

sterilized

what are examples of critical items

extraction forceps, explorer, and probe

semi-critical items touch

mucous membranes or non-intact skin

semi-critical items must be

sterilized

what is an example of a semi-critical item

mouth mirror

non-critical items touch

intact skin only

what do you do to non-critical items if contaminated during dental appointment

clean and disinfect

what is an example of a non-critical item

blood pressure cuff

for processing of critical and semi-critical items, what procedures do you follow for re-useable client care items

clean, package, sterilize, and store

why do we clean re-useable client care items prior to sterilization

to remove bioburden from surface of item

what are the 3 methods of cleaning prior to sterilization

automated instrument washers, ultrasonic cleaning, and hand scrubbing

what are the 3 steps of cleaning prior to sterilization

wash, rinse, and dry

after the 3 steps of cleaning, what must you do

inspect instruments to ensure bioburden has been removed

what is an automated instrument washer

a machine that washes, rinses, and dries instruments

automated instrument washer is the

safest and most efficient method

why is the automated instrument washer the safest and most efficient method

because you do not need to handle sharp contaminated instruments

what is a brand of an automated instrument washer

Hydrim

what is an ultrasonic cleaner

a machine that removes bioburden from surface by using ultrasound to agitate the liquid

ultrasonic cleaner is

less safe and not as efficient

what do you do after removing an instrument from the ultrasonic cleaner

must rinse and dry

how do you hand scrub

use long handle brush under running water and scrub one instrument at a time

hand scrubbing is

least safe and inefficient

why is hand scrubbing the least safe and inefficient

because DA must handle sharp contaminated instruments

what do you must do after hand scrubbing an instrument

must rinse and dry and be careful

guidelines for pre-cleaning instruments

• instrument must be cleaned before
  they are sterilized

• removes bioburden to allow
  sterilization to occur

• wear utility gloves, safety glasses and
  mask

• instruments are still contaminated
  after they have been cleaned!!

• must visually inspect to ensure
  instruments are clean

• be careful

why do we use enzymatic spray or holding solution

because dried blood and debris is very difficult to clean off
instruments

when do we use enzymatic spray or holding solution

to prevent bioburden from drying on instruments if cannot clean instruments immediately

what is an instrument cassette

metal tray with a lid

why do we use instrument cassettes

minimize handling of sharp instruments and keep instruments organized

instruments are packaged before

sterilization

why do we package instruments for sterilization

it allows instruments to remain sterile for storage

what is key to remember about packaging instruments for sterilization

do not overfill the package

what are the different kinds of sterilization packaging

disposable pouches, disposable wraps, and reusable wraps

in sterilization packaging, each product requires

specific sterilization parameters of time, temp, and pressure

what machine uses stream under pressure

autoclave

what are the 3 parameters of an autoclave (steam under pressure machine)

temperature, pressure, and time

what are the three different cycles of an autoclave

gravity displacement, pre-vacuum, and steam flush pressure pulse (SFPP)

what machine is used for flash sterilization

statim

statim is used for what kind of sterilization

rapid sterilization

when you use rapid sterilization, that means

instruments are not packaged and therefore cannot be stored

after putting instruments through rapid sterilization

instruments must be used immediately

when should you use rapid/flash sterilization

for emergency situations only

types of sterilization

steam under pressure, flash/rapid sterilization, dry heat sterilization, chemical vapor sterilization, and ethylene oxide sterilization

what type of sterilization is not acceptable in SK

chemical vapor sterilization

what kind of sterilization monitors are there for quality assurance

physical/mechanical monitoring, chemical monitoring, and biological indicators

protocols and procedures used to verify (test) physical/mechanical monitoring

read gauges or displays of each cycle to verify temp, time, and pressure parameters are met

physical/mechanical monitoring machine may display

an “error” messages

what does a correct and incorrect reading mean on a physical/mechanical monitor

correct readings do not guarantee sterilization but incorrect readings likely mean not sterile

what does chemical monitoring use

chemical process indicators

what happens to chemical process indicators

change color when exposed to sterilization process

chemical process indicators have how many classes

5

what is a class 1 process indicator (chemical monitor)

external indicator

where do you use a class 1 process indicator

must be used on outside of every package

what happens to a class 1 process indicator

changes color when package has been through sterilization cycle

what does a class 1 process indicator verify

that the package has been through the sterilization cycle
and prevent confusion of packages which have and have not been processed

what is a class 2 chemical process indicator called

bowie-dick indicator

what is a class 2 bowie-dick indicator used for

pre-vacuum steam sterilizers to verify air is being removed during cycle and this test must be performed every day before the first load is processed

what does a class 3 temperature specific indicator do

change color to verify minimum temperature is reached within the sterilization chamber

what chemical process indicator is not used in SK Polytech Dental Clinic

class 3 temperature specific indicator

class 4 multi-parameter indicators must be used

inside every package

what does a class 4 multi-parameter indicators do

change color to verify 2 or more sterilization parameters have entered the package

what does the multi-parameter mean in a class 4 indicator

it monitors 2 or more parameters

what does a class 5 integrating indicator do

change color to verify all 3 sterilization parameters have been met

where do you place a class 5 integrating indicator

inside a process challenge device

when do you use a class 5 integrating indicator

must be used in each load processed through the sterilizer

what is a PCD

process challenge device

what is a process challenge device (PCD)

a sterilization pouch or wrapped cassette that is used to verify the performance of a sterilizer

what does a process challenge device duplicate

the conditions of an instrument being processed

class 5 integrating indicators and biological indicators are placed

inside the PCD then processed

what is the highest standard test

biological indicators (BI)

what are biological indicators used for

to verify sterilizer is killing all microorganisms