International Phonetic Alpahbet
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Symbols used in IPA with info & examples
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47 Terms
ʌ
mid-central lax unrounded vowel (caret)
stressed “uh”
e.g. <oven> <bump>
ə
mid-central lax unrounded vowel (schwa)
unstressed “uh”
e.g. <amuse> <ravine> <sofa>
ɝ
mid-central rhotic tense vowel
stressed “er”
e.g. <irk> <turn> <purr>
ɚ
mid-central rhotic lax vowel (schwar)
unstressed “er”
e.g. <urbane> <scattering> <mayor>
æ
low front lax unrounded vowel (ash)
“ah” (short a sound)
e.g. <at> <lap>
e
mid-front tense unrounded vowel
“ay”
e.g. <chaotic>
ɛ
mid-front lax unrounded vowel (epsilon)
“eh”
e.g. <echo> <head>
i
high front tense unrounded vowel (dotted i)
“ee” (long e sound)
stressed
e.g. <east> <beef> <me>
ɪ
high front lax unrounded vowel (barred i)
“ih”
/i/ changes to /ɪ/ in unstressed syllables
e.g. <in> <finish>
u
high back tense rounded vowel
“oo”
e.g. <boom> <chew>
ʊ
high back lax rounded vowel (upsilon)
“uh” (short oo sound)
e.g. <hook>
o
mid-back tense rounded vowel
“o” (long o sound)
e.g. <hotel>
ɔ
low mid-back lax rounded vowel (reversed c)
“awh”
e.g. <ostrich> <dawn> <thaw>
ɑ
low back tense unrounded vowel
“awh” (deep ah sound)
e.g. <off> <pot> <spa>
a͜ʊ
low front to high back diphthong
“ow”
e.g. <ouch> <brown> <vow>
ɔ͜ɪ
mid back to high front diphthong
“oy”
e.g. <oink> <coin> <joy>
a͜ɪ
low front to high front diphthong
“eye”
e.g. <eye> <pine> <sigh>
ɑ͜r
“ar”
e.g. <ark> <garden> <star>
ε͜r
“air”
e.g. <error> <perish> <stare>
a͜ɪr
“ire”
e.g. <Ireland> <hire>
ʊ͜r
“ooh-r”
e.g. <tourist> <endure>
ɔ͜r
“or”
e.g. <oar> <norm> <your>
ɪ͜r
“ear”
e.g. <earring> <fierce> <here>
p
voiceless bilabial stop-consonant
e.g. <paid> <repeat> <soap>
b
voiced bilabial stop-consonant
e.g. <burn> <habit> <probe>
t
voiceless lingua-alveolar stop-consonant
e.g. <tea> <tutu> <sat>
d
voiced lingua-alveolar stop-consonant
e.g. <dog> <radar> <sad>
k
voiceless lingua-velar stop-consonant
e.g. <cab> <hockey> <fake>
g
voiced lingua-velar stop-consonant
e.g. <game> <begin> <mug>
m
voiced bilabial nasal
e.g. <marsh> <comedy> <come>
n
voiced lingua-alveolar nasal
e.g. <near> <canal> <pelican>
ŋ
voiced lingua-velar nasal
e.g. <finger> <asking>
f
voiceless labio-dental fricative
e.g. <fern> <coffee> <wife>
v
voiced labio-dental fricative
e.g. <verb> <envy> <eve>
θ
voiceless interdental fricative
e.g. <thick> <birthday> <booth>
ð
voiced interdental fricative
e.g. <then> <gather> <bathe>
s
voiceless lingua-alveolar fricative
e.g. <same> <missing> <house>
z
voiced lingua-alveolar fricative
e.g. <zone> <pansy> <news>
ʃ
voiceless lingua-palatal fricative
e.g. <shake> <fishing> <rush>
ʒ
voiced lingua-palatal fricative
e.g. <leisure> <beige>
h
voiceless glottal fricative
e.g. <ham> <inhale>
tʃ
voiceless alveopalatal affricate
e.g. <chirp> <future> <search>
dʒ
voiced alveopalatal affricate
e.g. <gel> <magic> <package>
w
voiced bilabial lingua-velar glide
e.g. <west> <reward>
j
voiced lingua-palatal glide
e.g. <yes> <kayak>
l
voiced lingua-alveolar lateral liquid
e.g. <leaf> <dollar> <sell>
r
voiced alveopalatal liquid
e.g. <raid> <pirate> <car>