Chapter 3 - Language Development
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16 Terms
Language
a form of social behaviour that is shaped and maintained by a verbal community.
a code or system of symbols that represents concepts formed through exposure and expreience.
Can language be learned or maintained without the mediation of other people?
no
Linguistics
the study of language, its structure, and the rules that govern its structure.
morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and phonology
Morphology
the study of word structure. How words are formed out of more basic elements of language
morpheme
the smallest meaningful unit of language
Please provide an example of a base/root/free morpheme
ocean, establish, cat, book, color etc.
____ must be joined with free morphemes in order to have meaning
bound/grammatical morphemes
True or false: allomorphs are variations of morphemes, they alter the original meaning of the morpheme
false
they do NOT alter the original meaning of the morpheme
boxes (ez), leaves (z), cats (s)
what are derivational morphemes?
prefixes and suffixes that change the class of a word
Happy (adjective) + ily (derivational morpheme) = happily (adverb)
true or false: inflectional morphemes are prefixes only
false
inflectional morphemes are SUFFIXES only
morphemes are a means of modifying word structures to ______ (change OR maintain) meaning
change
sentence meaning is conveyed by the order of words in a sentence. This order is dictated by the rules of _____
syntax
Is the following sentence active or passive?
“The cat was petted by Mark.”
Passive
What is another word for ‘questions’?
Interrogatives
True or False: The following are determined by semantics
The arrangement of words to form meaningful sentences
The word order and overall structure of a sentence
A collection of rules that specify the ways and order in which words may be combined to form sentences in a particular language
False
The rules are determined by syntax
A compound sentence contains two or more ______ clauses joined by a comma and a conjunction or by a semicolon.
independent