Key hardware components

Motherboard

Facilitates communication between all components of a computer.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Executes all instructions from software and hardware devices.

Core

Represents the processing core where instructions are executed.

Threads

Represent the incoming flow of instructions for the processor.

Clock Speed

Measured in gigahertz (GHz), represents the number of cycles per second.

Cache Memory

A built-in memory in the processor that temporarily holds values during instruction processing.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Temporarily stores data for active applications.

Volatile

Type of memory that is erased when the power is turned off.

DIMM (Dual In-Line Memory Module)

A type of RAM designed for desktop computers.

SODIMM (Small Outline DIMM)

A type of RAM designed for laptops.

DDR (Double Data Rate)

Refers to how information is accessed by memory.

ECC (Error Correction Code)

Memory that can detect and correct internal data corruption.

DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

Used as the main system memory and requires constant refreshing.

SRAM (Static RAM)

Primarily used for CPU cache memory and does not require constant refreshing.

HDD (Hard Disk Drive)

Magnetic storage device that is slower but cost-effective for large capacities.

SSD (Solid-State Drive)

Faster and more durable storage device with no moving parts.

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)

A high-speed protocol used for SSD direct access to processors.

PSU (Power Supply Unit)

Converts electrical power from wall outlet into usable power for computer components.

Cooling Systems

Designed to keep computer components cool, including air cooling and liquid cooling.

Expansion Cards

Components like GPUs and NICs that provide additional functionality beyond the motherboard.

Integrated Component

A component that is built into the motherboard or CPU, sharing system resources.

Dedicated Component

A separate physical device installed in the computer with its own resources.

Peripherals

External devices like monitors and keyboards that connect to the computer for interaction.