Hearing Science Quiz 12

The minimal audible angle depends on _____.

Velocity, frequency, duration, and position

What is the loudness in phons of a 1000-Hz tone presented at 40 dB SPL?

40

Breaking apart of the ossicular chain, usually caused by head trauma and resulting in a conductive hearing loss is known as _____.

Ossicular discontinuity

The phase where the red dot is located is _____ degrees.

315

When masking a pure tone, much of the energy in white noise is not used in the masking process because it falls _____ the limits of the critical band.

Outside

A single tuning fork generating a sound with energy concentrated at one frequency is an example of a _____ sound.

Simple

Given that the speed of sound is 340 meters per second and using the equation λ = v / f, what is the wavelength of a 1500 Hz sound?

0.227 meters

_____ leads to reduced speech understanding and poorer perception of music quality.

Loss of frequency resolution

Given that the speed of sound is 1,100 feet per second and using the equation λ = v / f, what is the wavelength of a 2,200 Hz sound?

0.5 feet

The correct rejection rate of a test/screening is known as its _____.

Specificity

As the corpus callosum matures, interhemispheric transfer time _____.

Decreases

Tubes surgically implanted in the tympanic membrane that equalize middle ear air pressure in cases of eustachian tube dysfunction are known as _____ tubes.

PE

What is the loudness in sones of a 1000-Hz tone presented at 30 dB SPL?

0.5

As frequency increases, wavelength _____.

Decreases

If d prime=0 and the probability hit is 0.25, what is the probability of a false alarm?

0.25

In which of the two excitation patterns are more harmonics resolved?

The excitation pattern represented by Line A (blue line)

We have _____ frequency resolution in the low-frequency auditory region.

Better

The _____ makes it seem like a single sound is coming from the direction of the lead sound.

Precedence effect

What is sensitivity?

Measure describing the abilities of a test or screening to detect a condition when it is present (i.e., true positives)

A narrow ear canal is known as _____.

Stenosis

In the auditory system, to “resolve” frequency components means _____.

Neighboring frequency components excite different auditory fibers

The _____ scale in an estimate of auditory filter bandwidths in the human auditory system.

ERB

What is a critical band?

Range of frequencies surrounding a given stimulus frequency that contribute to the masking of that frequency

The two waveforms above are _____.

180 degrees out-of-phase

What is the pitch, in mels, of a 1000-Hz pure tone?

1000

Phase is the _____.

Particular stage in cycle of motion using angles from a circle as the unit of measure

In order to be affected by the head shadow effect, the wavelength of a sound must be _____ the diameter of the listener’s head.

Shorter than

What is conductive hearing loss?

Hearing loss resulting from impairment to the outer and middle ear

Cerumen that becomes lodged in the external auditory canal and occludes the canal is known as _____.

Impacted cerumen

_____ is a function of the auditory nerve wherein neural firing occurs at a specific phase of a signal.

Phase locking

The probability that a patient with a positive (abnormal) test result actually has the disorder is known as _____.

Positive predictive value

The waveform with the largest wavelength is _____.

D

Infection or inflammation of the middle ear space with or without effusion is known as _____.

Otitis media

The auditory system acts as a series of _____ filters, each of which is tuned to a specific frequency region.

Band-pass

What is the mel scale?

Psychophysical scale of pitch that relates the pitch to frequency of the pure tones

Which of the following is NOT an effect of sensory (cochlear) hearing loss?

Lower pure-tone bone-conduction thresholds

What is the loudness of a sound in phons?

The level in dB SPL of an equally loud 1000-Hz pure tone

The medial olivocochlear bundle descends from the medial superior olive to the _____.

Outer hair cells

What is the function of the medial geniculate body?

A sensory distribution center that routes information from sensory systems to appropriate motor areas and higher sensory areas

Abnormal deposits or growths on the ossicles, often causing the stapes to be anchored to the oval window and resulting in conductive hearing loss is known as _____.

Otosclerosis

The corpus callosum _____.

Connects the two hemispheres of the brain together

What is the loudness in sones of a 1000-Hz tone presented at 70 dB SPL?

8

The outermost portion of the auditory system, which forms a cup around the entrance to the external auditory meatus, is the _____.

Pinna

Given that the speed of sound is 1,100 feet per second and using the equation f = v / λ, what is the frequency of a sound with a wavelength of 2 feet?

550 Hz

Which of the following will have the largest equivalent rectangular bandwidth?

An auditory filter centered on 8000 Hz

When damage to the cochlea occurs, all auditory filters _____ in width, which results in _____ in frequency resolution.

Increase; a reduction

In the above probability function, the hit rate is 76%. What is the miss rate?

24%

Disfiguration of the auricle, resulting primarily from accumulation of blood between the cartilage and its covering, is known as _____.

Cauliflower ear

What is a tuning curve?

A graph of the lowest sound level at which a response occurs (on the BM or in a neuron) plotted as a function of frequency