Mother Model

Philosophical assumptions

- basic beliefs we hold to true

- we don't question these as a majority

`ex: everyone has the right to a meaningful existence

domain of conern

- our area of expertise

- the things that concern us

- for Ot's it's based off of the practice framework

Nature of and principles for sequencing various aspects of practice

how our profession defines problems and solves them

legitimate tools

- tools of the trade

- non human environment

- therapeutic use of self

- teach/learn

- use of purposeful activities

- activity analysis and synthesis

Theory

- cannot be used directly in practice, only used to predict relationships and behaviors

- helps inform on what to do

- made of concepts, definitions, and postulates

Theory: concepts

- its a label

`ex: having 2 writing utensils, one is called a pencil the other is a marker

Theory: definitions

- explaining something by describing things such as color, function, origin, purpose

Theory: Postulates

- tells the readers what the relationship is

`ex: if you have a pencil and a marker the relationship is that they are both writing apparatus

Frame of reference

- guideline for action in OT to help with intervention

- old school

- more deficit driven

- looking at something that is wrong and fixing it, makes it specific

Model

- an overarching idea that around 99% of the profession agrees on

- defines our profession

Parts of a model (Pirates, Eat, Donuts, They, Never, Like)

1. Philosophical assumptions

2. Ethical Code

3. Domain of concern

4. Theoretical foundations

5. Nature of an principles for sequencing various aspects of practice

6. Legitimate tools

Ethical code

- moral compass

- guidelines for what we should or shouldn't do

Theoretical foundations

pull from scientific evidence to help us understand patterns of behavior and relationships to predict outcomes

Guideline for action

- gives you some idea of what to do, pockets of people agree with certain parts

`frame of reference

`practice model

Practice model

- helps with intervention

- a loose cookbook

- these are newer guidelines for action

- not deficit driven, can be used on person, groups, or populations

Basic scientific inquiry

- DISCIPLINE THAT PRODUCES THEORIES

- finding the relationship or behavior of things to predict events

- occupational science is the closest thing to testing theories

- Clark led the way

Applied scientific inquiry

- PROFESSION THAT PRODUCES RESEARCH

- develop guidelines for action to help clinicians to identify problems and fix them

- Mosey led the way

Parts of a Frame of reference (FOR)

1. theoretical base

2. function/dysfunction continuum (part of eval)

3. indicators of function/dysfunction (part of eval)

4. Postulates

FOR: theoretical base

- gives foundation to build off from

- find the theory, you don't make it

- contains

1. concepts

2. definitions

3. postulates (shows relationship)

4. hypothesis (shows prediction

FOR: function/dysfunction continuum

Function----------------Dysfunction

- helps with evaluation, you see where the client falls on this spectrum

FOR: indicators of function/dysfunction

where the client falls on the spectrum of function/dysfunction continuum

FOR: postulates

- length between intervention and practice

- the change

3 popular practice models

1. PEO (canadian)

2. PEOP (american)

3. CMOP-E (candian)

PEO

- holistic view

- helps person be the best version of themselves since it isn't reductionistic (accentuates positives)

- looks at person and environment

- has assumptions

- theoretical base: pulls from psychology, occupational science, emphasis on the competence of the person and environment

PEO assumptions

- people are intrinsically motivated and continuously evolving

- believes that environment changes behavior, environment can be enabling or constricting

- easier to change the environment rather than the person

PEO meaning

P: person; who are they? what role to they have? what's their life experience

E: environment; natural or physical environment, socially, culturally. 2 types Micro and Macro

`micro: individual (home, school)

`macro: more population, what changes are impacting performance

O: occupation; occupations that a person wants to do or needs to do

PEOP

- most popular in america

- holistic view

- accentuates the positives

- looks at person and environment

- assumptions

PEOP assumptions

*P: performance; looks at whether person, environment, and occupation are a good fit or not good fit

- when you look at the person it's very spiritual

`who do they hang out with, what's their journey

- gives you guideline to have a more meaningful existence

- look at what is accessible to them

- looks at all occupations including dark occupations

- looks at personal narrative

CMOP-E

- based on client central principles

* theorists look at occupational performance and tells us to look at 3 areas

1. self care: how you take care of your inner and outer self

2. productivity

3. leisure: the person gets to what this means

- focuses on occupational performance

CMOP-E occupational performance

- who the person is

- what is going on in the environment

- what is the chosen occupation

looks to see if these factors are aligning, it's about persons experience

CMOP meanings

P: person; they want us to look at people from physical, affect, and cognition and these pieces make up "spirituality"

E: environment; made up of physical, social, cultural (rules), and institutions

O: occupations; the things you need to do, want to do, and have to do. The client gets to self-report where they feel there occupational performance is

Clinical (professional) reasoning

how you think in the profession

Characteristics of clinical reasoning

1. critical thinking: making decisions based on evidence

2. problem solving: using evidence to solve existing problems

3. therapeutic use of self: using your personality, empathy, and body language to establish trust and relationship

4. ethical considerations: moral outcome, have to think about belonging and not breaking the rules while thinking about what's best for the person and what they want to know

5 types of clinical reasoning

1. Narrative

2. Procedural/scientific

3. Interactive

4. Conditional

5. Pragmatic

Clinical reasoning: narrative

- you learn about the person

- asking them about their story and understanding it to help them

Clinical reasoning: procedural/scientific

using evidence to solve problems

Clinical reasoning: interactive

- think about the social aspect of the client's life

- who do they hang out with and what's it like

Clinical reasoning: conditional

what's the best approach to help the person at the moment

Clinical reasoning: pragmatic

clinical reasoning is based on what can and cannot do in that setting (resources, time constraints)

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