Freshman History Nationalism and Democracy Study Guide

What best describes a creole

European born in Latin America

Which Latin American country was the first to declare independence from a European country

Haiti

What economic system was put into practice by Europeans in Latin America

mercantilism

Simon Bolivar won independence for which two countries

Venezuela and Peru

Mexican independence was achieved through this man's leadership

Father Hidalgo

What makes the Monroe Doctrine significant

It stated that Europeans had to stay out of American affairs

The main reason for the French Revolution of 1830

Charles X assumed absolute power

What was Louis Philippe's nickname

Citizen king

The last French monarch

Napoleon the 3rd (III)

Name a German power that went to war with Prussia

Austria

Which speech roused Germans into unification

Blood and Iron

Which ideology did Bismarck believe to be incompatible with German unification

Socialism

What is the German word for king

Kaiser

Which war stunned Europe and finalized German unification

Franco-Prussian War

Which French territories did Germany need to become totally unified

Alsace and Lorraine

Who was Camillo Cavour

Prime Minister of Sardinia

Who did Sardinia side with in the Franco-Prussian War

Prussia

Who were the red shirts

Italian freedom fighters for unification (a volenteer)

Which country was the first to outlaw slavery

Haiti

What Latin American country was the first to declare independence from a European country

Haiti

Define Ideology

System of thoughts and beliefs

What is a creole

European born in Latin America

What was the Monroe Doctrine

Issued in 1823 by US President James Monroe and it states Latin America must remain independent and Europeans that interfere with Latin America were a threat to America's peace/safety.

 Stated that Europeans had to stay out of American affairs

How did Napoleon influence the Latin American Revolutions

Napoleon conquered Spain in 1808 and made his brother king. Latin American colonists refused to accept French rule so revolutions broke out across Latin America

Which economic practice was put into place in Latin America by European countries

mercantilism

Simon Bolivar won independence for which two countries

Venezuela and Peru

Who was asked by the people of Brazil to be their leader

Dom Pedro (Pedro I)

Father Hidalgo won independence for which Latin American country

Mexico

What caused the French Revolution of 1830

Liberals who originally supported Louis XVIII rebelled against Charles X. The liberals put up barricades and fired at soldiers from behind and then the liberals soon took over Paris and flew the Tricolours (red, white, blue flag) over Notre Dame. Charles X also assumed absolute power.

Why was Louis Phillippe given the name "Citizen King"

Louis Phillippe vowed to be a king for the people

How did Napoleon III take on the title of Emperor of the French

Napoleon III won the presidential election and once he became president he abolished the republic and crowned himself Napoleon III. He used a plebiscite, a ballot where voters have a direct say on the issue, to win approval and seize power.

Which term describes the right of any man to vote

Universal Manhood Suffrage

Which German power held an empire before unification

Austria (Austrian Empire)

What is a recession

Period of reduced economic activity

What kind of government did Germany have after unification

Federal Constitutional Monarchy and It also had 2 cameral legislatures: Bundesrat and Reichstag

Which German speaking French territories were the final piece of German unification

Alsace and Lorraine

What is the meaning of Bismarck’s “Blood and Iron” speech

Bismarck says he has a plan to unify Germany and make dozens of these German states come together. What he does is give this speech called “Blood and iron”. It says that Germans will lose blood and they will have to fight and die to be able to come together as one. They also need industry in order to do that. The industry is the Iron. Bismarck knows that he has to strengthen the army in order to do that, so that's what he does and he gets a lot of people on board with it.

Define realpolitik

Real politics. You follow the people's ideas, but you are still the leader. So basically, realistic politics based on the needs of the state.

Actual definition: The ability to adapt to political, military and social changes.

What political title did Camillo Cavour hold

Prime Minister of Sardinia

What made Giuseppe Garibaldi unique among men in history

He had the opportunity to become king but he said no and turned the power over to Victor Emmanuel II. Garibaldi went home.

Who became the leader of Italy after unification

Victor Emmanuel II

Describe two of the many divisions Italy faced after unification.

1. Many Italians still felt more aligned to their own kingdoms rather than Italy

2. The popes felt they were being held hostage in their own city

3. Socialists and anarchists tried to overthrow the king and his government.

What was the rotten borough

Rural town in England that sent members to Parliament despite having few to no voters

What were Victorian values

Duty, thrift, honesty, hard work, and above all respectability

Name two of the reforms in the Great Reform Act of 1832

Redistributed seats in the House of Commons, giving representation to large towns and cities and eliminating rotten boroughs.

Which British PM focused on social reforms

Benjamin Disraeli

Who fought for the rights of women in the House of Lords

Lady Constance Lytton