BIO 11.1: Exercise 9 Prelab slides.

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Animal tissue types: (E C M N)

Epithelial tissue

• covers the outside of the animal body and its internal organs.

Connective tissue

• made up of scattered cells held in an extracellular matrix and holds organs and tissues together and in place.

Muscle tissue

• functions in different types of movement.

Nervous tissue

• functions in the receipt, processing, and transmission of information.

Animal Organ System: (C D E I L M N R R S E)

Circulatory system
Digestive system
Endocrine system
Integumentary system
Lymphatic and immune system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Reproductive system
Respiratory system
Skeletal system
Excretory system

Circulatory system

• Distributes resources to the rest of the body.

Digestive system

• Process nutrients from ingested food.

Endocrine system

• coordinates and integrates the activities of the body through hormones.

Integumentary system

• covers and protects the body against injury,

  infection, and dehydration

Lymphatic and immune system

• provides defenses against pathogens and

  cancer

Muscular system

• facilitates locomotion and other body

  movements

Nervous system

• coordinate body activities by receiving

  and processing stimuli, and directing

  responses to stimuli

Reproductive system

• for reproduction of offspring

Respiratory system

• captures oxygen and facilitates gas

  exchange

Skeletal system

• supports the body for locomotion and

  movement, and protects the organs.

Excretory system

• for disposal of metabolic waste and

  regulation of osmotic balance

Dissection
Anatomy
Morphology

• involves operation on a dead animal to study its _ and _.

Vivisection

• is an operation done on a living animal.

Scalpel
forceps
scissors
flapper
pins
pan

Dissection and Vivisection

• These techniques require basic equipment which include _, _, dissecting _, _, _, and dissecting _.

Up
front
Down
Back
Back
Front

Anterior vs. Posterior

• Anterior means _ while posterior means _ from a reference point.

• Depends if the animal is vertically or horizontally aligned (e.g. that shark).

Dorsal vs. Ventral

• Dorsal = _ while ventral = _

Invertebrates
Exoskeleton

• are animals that lack a backbone.

• Instead of an endoskeleton, some invertebrates (e.g. insects) possess an _ (chitin) which supports their overall body structure.

• _ is a polymer (aminopolysaccharide) of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

Cockroach
Periplaneta americana L
Head
Thorax
Abdomen
7

• The American cockroach (_.) belongs to Phylum Anthropoda, Class Insecta, Order Blattodea, and Family Blattidae.

• Like other insects, it has 3 body segments (_, _, _) and at least _ organ systems.

Vertebrates
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

• are animals that possess a backbone or a vertebra.

• This group is composed of _, _, _ (including _), and _.

Rhinella Marina

• The cane/marine toad (Rhinella marina L.) belongs to Phylum Chordata, Class Amphibia, Order Anura, and Family Bufonidae.

• Toads can be differentiated from frogs based on their bumpy looking skin at their back (which is usually smooth for frogs).