women in religion midterm

Patriarchy

Male-dominated society

Feminism

Movement that focuses on women’s issues but strives to bring equality to all

gender binary

Belief that human gender is only male and female; many people challenge this

misogyny

hatred of women; negative view of women when they deviate from traditional roles

Eve

Adam’s wife; she and Adam are responsible for the Fall

Lilith

According to tradition, Adam’s first wife whom Adam rejected for not being submissive

Sarah

Abraham’s wife and Isaac’s mother; co-progenitor of Jews and Christians

Ruth

Moabite woman who pledges loyalty to her Jewish mother-in-law and finds a husband; great-grandmother of David; distant ancestor of Jesus

Deborah

Judge (military and political leader) of ancient Israel

Esther

Jewish queen who saved her people from genocide; commemorated at Purim

Tamar

Tricks Judah into fathering her children

Judith

Beheads the enemy Holofernes

SongWoman from Song of Songs/Solomon

Woman in the Song of Songs, which is a collection of love poems; the book gives the man and woman equality

Woman Wisdom

personification of God's wisdom in the biblical book of Proverbs

Mary

the mother of Jesus

Mary Magdalene

First witness of the risen Jesus (according to John’s gospel); the Apostle to the Apostles

Lydia

Early Christian convert; dealer in purple cloth; provided financial support for the early Christians

Mary and Martha

Sisters; Martha wants Jesus to scold Mary for not helping with the chores, but Jesus defends Mary because she is learning from his teachings

Canaanite Woman in Matthew 15

Woman whose daughter is afflicted with a demon, and the woman convinces Jesus to heal the girl

Woman Caught in Adultery in John 8

Jesus rescues the woman by saying that the one without sin can cast the first stone; everyone has sinned, the woman is freed

Phyllis Trible and Texts of Terror:

Bible scholar who has focused on misogynistic biblical passages

Saints Perpetua and Felicity

Early Christian martyrs

Saint Agnes

Early Christian martyr and virgin

Saint Monica

Mother of Saint Augustine

Saint Helena

Mother of Constantine, a Roman emperor who legalized Christianity; according to lore, Helena discovered the true cross

Saint Hildegard of Bingen

Polymath; lived in the eleventh and twelfth centuries; abbess; traveling preacher; letter writer; composer; mystic; wrote the first morality play

Julian of Norwich

Anchoress who wrote “Revelations of Divine Love”; lived during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries

Dr. Amy-Jill Levine

Jewish New Testament scholar

Nadia Murad

Yazidi from Iraq who survived genocide and s e x trafficking to become a champion of social justice; won Nobel Peace Prize

Malala Yousafzai

Muslim from Pakistan who survived an assassination attempt by the Taliban; champion of education for girls; won Nobel Peace Prize

Immaculèe Ilibagiza

Catholic from Rwandan who survived the Rwandan genocide by hiding in a bathroom for 91 days with seven other women; prayer and her faith helped her survive

Valarie Kaur

Sikh from the US who is an attorney, documentary filmmaker, and civil rights activist

Dr. Joanne Boyle

Catholic from US who attended Seton Hill and then served as faculty and the longest serving president in Seton Hill's history; helped to save Seton Hill from closing by making significant changes, including making Seton Hill co-ed

Khadija

the first wife of Muhammad