European Exploration and Colonization

Vocabulary flashcards covering European exploration reasons, economic profits, Native American interactions, and geographical regions based on lecture material.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas.

Northwest Passage

An all-water route across North America sought by French and Dutch explorers.

Three Gs of Exploration

The core motivations for exploration: Gold (riches), Glory (claiming land for mother country), and God (spreading Christianity or seeking religious freedom).

Spanish Profit Sources

Gold mines and sugar plantations, with the acquired gold and sugar sent back to Spain to sell to other European countries.

French Profit Source

Furs collected from the land and sent back to France to sell to other European countries.

English Profit Source

Tobacco, which was sent back to England to sell to other European countries after settlers struggled through the Starving Time.

Dutch Profit Source

Furs sent back to the Netherlands to sell to other European countries.

Huron

Native American group that acted as business partners with the French, intermarried with French traders, and fought alongside the French against the Iroquois.

Iroquois

Native American group that became business partners with the Dutch, receiving guns in exchange for furs.

John Smith and Pocahontas

English leader and Native American woman whose friendship brought peace between Native Americans and the English.

John Rolfe and Pocahontas

English settler and Native American woman who married to keep peace between their peoples.

Starving Time

A period of severe hardship for English settlers during which Native Americans refused to trade with them.

West Indies

The Caribbean region where Christopher Columbus arrived, believing he had reached the eastern part of Asia.

East Indies

A region in South and Southeast Asia that European explorers aimed to reach for trade resources.

European Settlements in North and South America, 1682

Territorial colonial claims established by the English, French, Dutch, and Spanish in the Americas.

European Exploration Routes

Global maritime navigation paths taken by European explorers such as Columbus, Magellan, Drake, Cabot, Cartier, and Da Gama.