Government EOC

What are the three branches of government?

Legislative, Executive, Judicial

What is the main responsibility of the Legislative branch?

To make laws

What is the main responsibility of the Executive branch?

To enforce laws

What is the main responsibility of the Judicial branch?

To interpret laws

What article of the Constitution created the Legislative branch?

Article I

What article of the Constitution created the Executive branch?

Article II

What article of the Constitution created the Judicial branch?

Article III

What is the “Preamble” of the Constitution?

It explains the goals of the U.S. government.

What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called?

The Bill of Rights

What is the term for powers given to the federal government?

Delegated/Enumerated/Expressed powers

What are powers given to state governments called?

Reserved powers

What are powers shared by both federal and state governments?

Concurrent powers

What clause gives Congress implied powers?

The Necessary and Proper Clause

What is judicial review?

The power of the courts to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional.

What court case established judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

How many U.S. Senators does each state have?

2

How is the number of Representatives determined?

Based on population

What are the two parts of Congress?

House of Representatives and Senate

What power does the president have over laws passed by Congress?

The power to veto

What is needed to override a presidential veto?

A 2/3 vote in both houses of Congress

Who is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces?

The President

How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

9

How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

For life (unless they retire or are removed)

What amendment limits the president to two terms?

22nd Amendment

What amendment outlines presidential succession?

25th Amendment

What is separation of powers?

The division of government into three branches to prevent tyranny.

What are checks and balances?

Each branch can limit the powers of the other two branches.

Who approves treaties and presidential appointments?

The Senate

What does 'popular sovereignty' mean?

Government power comes from the people.

What is the rule of law?

Everyone, including government officials, must follow the law.

What was the first document to establish rule of law?

Magna Carta.

What compromise at the Constitutional Convention created a bicameral legislature?

The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise).

What compromise counted slaves as part of the population for representation?

Three-Fifths Compromise.

What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

To support ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

Who wrote the Federalist Papers?

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.