TopHat Objectives Anatomy Exam 2

What side of the dog is this distal femur & tibia/fibula

Left leg

On the dorsal view of the tarsus, the arrow A is on the ______ bone, arrow B is on the _______ bone, and arrow 3 is on the _______ bone.

talus, calcaneus, 4th tarsal

The bone indicated by the X is the _______ tarsal bone

central

What is the common pelvic (proximal) attachment for the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus

isciatic tuberosity

What is the prominent fusiform-shaped muscle used as a caudal landmark for the femoral triangle?

pectineus

The flexor surface of the tarsus is _____

dorsal

The ____, ____, and ______ muscles act as antagonists to the middle gluteal muscle action of extension at the hip joint

tensor fascia latae, iliopsoas, sartorius

The ___ is labeled X, and it articulates with a bony depression, the _____.

femoral head, acetabulum

The flexor surface of the tarsus is the _____, while the flexor surface of the digits of the hindlimb is the _____ surface

dorsal, plantar

The red arrow is labeling the bony structure called the _____ tuberosity

ischiatic

The label X is on what bone?

ilium

The outlined area is a portion of which bone?

ischium

What is the primary function of the cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments?

They prevent excessive cranial or caudal movement of the tibia

A luxation of the femoral head from the acetabulum is most often in the ______ direction. The pull of the _____ muscles aid in this displacement

craniodorsal, gluteal muscles

What is the bone that the yellow arrow is pointing to and where is it found

popliteal sesamoid bone, found within tendon of a muscle

This image is being viewed from the cranial surface. The yellow arrow indicates the _____ ligament. It is from the _____ side of the dog

cranial cruciate, left

On the caudal view of this equine pelvis, the structure indicated by the green arrow is the ______

tuber sacrale

The bone being viewed from the cranial surface is the…

right equine femur

On this equine tarsus, what is the bone indicated by the green arrow

fourth tarsal

Osteoarthritis commonly affects the _____ joint, which is indicated by the green arrow

distal intertarsal joint

Muscles that attach to the bony surface labeled X have what action at the coxofemoral joint?

extension

Identify bone X

Lateral splint bone, Metatarsal 4

On the bovine, identify the bone indicated by the pink arrow

fused central and fourth tarsal

On the osseous bovine crus, the _____ is indicated by the green arrow

lateral malleolus

The ____ ridge of the femur is an extremely prominent distal featured labeled by the green arrow. It provides a surface for the ____ to rest on during standing

medial trochlear, patella

Muscles attaching to this labeled area have what action at the hock

extension

What is the labeled structure

greater trochanter

The muscle labeled is a major propulsive muscle of the pelvic limb. What action is muscle X responsible for on the pelvic limb

extension of the hip

The muscle labeled attaches to what bony structure distally

greater trochanter

In the calf, the ______ muscle is indicated by X. The muscle Y acts primarily to ______ the stifle

gluteobiceps, extend

Identify the connective tissue structure deep to the pink arrows

sacroischiatic ligament

On this image of an equine thigh, which nerve is indicated by the arrow labeled A?

tibial

The ____ muscle is indicated by A. The fluid filled sac, the _____ has been opened and is labeled B

deep gluteal, trochanteric bursa

The label X is indicating the _____ muscle that acts to ____ the hip, stifle, and hock

biceps femoris, extend

in the bovine, the muscle that attaches to the bony surface labeled by the pink arrow has which actions

extend the tarsus, flex the digits

Identify the muscle labeled X from a canine dissection

fibularis longus

The medial tendon of which muscle in the equine is indicated by the red arrow

cranial tibial

In this bovine crus dissection, identify the muscle labeled X

peroneus tertius

Muscles crossing the surface labeled by the yellow arrow have what action at the tarsus

flexion

Muscles X and Y both attach to the tuber calcanei via the _____ tendon and can therefore act to ____ the hock

common calcaneal, extend

What is the significance of a positive cranial drawer sign test

it indicates a likely tear of the cranial cruciate ligament

identify the structure highlighted in green, which serves as an attachment for biceps femoris and superficial gluteal muscle

sacrotuberous ligament

the ____ muscle is labled X and it’s major function at the hip joint is to ____

biceps femoris, extend the hip

What muscles are components of the common calcaneal tendon in small animals

biceps femoris, SDF, gracilis, gastrocnemius, semitendinosus

which of these muscles extend the digits and flex the hock

long digital extensor

Identfiy the highlighted CT structure between the femur and the head of the fibula (lateral view left stifle)

lateral collateral ligament

the right and left sides of the ischium and pubis are joined on the median plane at the ______

pelvic symphysis