brain trauma y10

Mental stimulation

Anything that activates or enriches the mind (sensory experiences, puzzles, learning new skills or languages, reading, sports)

Physical activity - brain function

Increases health-promoting effects of diet and vice-versa, but also promotes neural plasticity on its own

Acquired Brian injury (ABI)

Any type of brain damage or disorder that occurs after birth and impairs or interferes with normal functioning of the brain either temporarily or permanently

Umbrella term: Encompasses TBI, aphasia, concussion and stroke

Causes: physical injury/trauma, disease/infection (Parkinson’s or alzheimers), oxygen deprivation (stroke, heart attack), poisoning, alcohol or drug abuse, brain tumours

Traumatic Brian injury (TBI)

Type of ABI that occurs when an external force causes damage to brain

Aphasia

Acquired language disorder that results from damage to at least of of the language centres in the brain. Is characterised by impaired understanding and/or production of language. Intelligence is not affected

Fluent aphasia

Easily produce speech but it is nonsensical, difficulties understanding what is heard or read

Nonfluent

difficulties speaking clearly but no difficulties understanding

Pure

Specific impairment, reading (alexia), writing (agraphia), or recognising spoken words despite being able to hear them (word deafness)

Broca’s aphasia

A person can understand language but has trouble producing fluent speech (Nonfluent aphasia)

Individual is aware of condition

Wernicke’s aphasia

Person can produce fluent sentences but meaning is nonsensical or confusing (fluent aphasia), they have trouble comprehending speech

Correct rhythm - word salad

Little to no awareness

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)

A neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated impacts to the head

Impact causes the head and Brian to rapidly move back and forth, disrupting neural activity and sometimes damaging brain tissue

Not every TBI leads to it, but these kinds of head injuries appear to be a necessary trigger

Has 4 main stages