✨✨✨✨DH103 M6 Quiz #4 , (@spicynoodles007)

A "reverse smile line" is seen on the image if the patient's

A. teeth are positioned too far forward on the bite-block.

B. teeth are positioned too far back on the bite-block.

C. chin is tipped down.

D. chin is tipped up.

D. chin is tipped up.

Which of the following statements is true of somatic effects of irradiation?

A. Mutations occur that affect the health of offspring.

B. Damage cannot be repaired.

C. Changes are in the genetic cells of the individual.

D. Changes are not transmitted to future generations.

D. Changes are not transmitted to future generations.

The normal periodontal ligament space appears as a ______________ line.

A. thick radiolucent

B. thin radiopaque

C. thin radiolucent

D. thick radiopaque

C. thin radiolucent

Which of the following is associated with long-term radiation effects?

A. Acute radiation syndrome

B. The injury period in the sequence of radiation injury is seen within minutes, days, or weeks of radiation exposure.

C. Small amounts of radiation absorbed over a long period

D. Symptoms include diarrhea, hair loss, and hemorrhage.

C. Small amounts of radiation absorbed over a long period

According to the SLOB rule, when two dental images are compared, the object that lies to the lingual appears to have moved in the same direction as the tube head, and the object that lies to the buccal appears to have moved in the opposite direction as the tube head.

A. Both statements are true.

B. Both statements are false.

C. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

A. Both statements are true.

A panoramic image is __________ image(s) taken using __________ technique.

A. a single; intraoral

B. a series of; intraoral

C. a single; extraoral

D. a series of; extraoral

A. a single; extraoral

On a panoramic image, which of the following structures appears radiolucent on images and is located above and in front of the mastoid process?

A. External auditory meatus

B. Coronoid process

C. Maxillary tuberosity

D. Hamulus

A. External auditory meatus

In panoramic imaging, the pivotal point, or axis, around which the cassette carrier and x-ray tubehead rotate is termed a

A. terminal hinge axis.

B. germinal center.

C. rotation center.

D. tipping point.

C. rotation center.

How is the receptor stabilized in the patient's mouth when taking a cross-sectional image?

A. The patient gently bites on the surface of the receptor.

B. The receptor is held by a hemostat.

C. The receptor is placed in a Stabe bite-block.

D. A bite-wing tab is attached to the receptor.

A. The patient gently bites on the surface of the receptor.

The _________________ of adjacent teeth can be used as a plane of reference in

determining the pattern of bone loss present.

A. marginal ridge height

B. cementum thickness

C. pulp chambers

D. cemento-enamel junctions (CEJs)

D. cemento-enamel junctions (CEJs)

The tubehead of the panoramic unit always rotates _________ the patient's head as the receptor rotates _________ the patient.

A. behind; in front of

B. in front of; behind

C. behind; behind

D. in front of; in front of

A. behind; in front of

Which of the following structures may be seen on both periapical and panoramic images?

A. Mental foramen

B. Mandibular foramen

C. Mandibular condyle

D. Coronoid notch

A. Mental foramen

Precautions should be taken during dental imaging procedures to which of the following critical organs in the head and neck region?

(1) skin,

(2) thyroid gland,

(3) lens of the eye

(4) bone marrow

1, 2, 3, 4.

On a periapical image, the submandibular fossa appears as a ___________ area in the molar region _______ the mylohyoid ridge.

A. radiolucent; above

B. radiopaque; below

C. radiopaque; above

D. radiolucent; below

D. radiolucent; below

The inverted Y refers to the intersection of the maxillary sinus and the

A. nasal cavity.

B. median palatal suture.

C. anterior nasal spine.

D. incisive foramen.

A. nasal cavity.

On a _________ periapical image, the nasal fossa appears as a large ______________ area located above the roots of the maxillary incisors.

A. mandibular; radiopaque

B. mandibular; radiolucent

C. maxillary; radiopaque

D. maxillary; radiolucent

D. maxillary; radiolucent

Which of the following landmarks would appear radiolucent on a dental image?

A. Tubercle

B. Tuberosity

C. Suture

D. Septum

C. Suture

Cancellous bone is the soft, ________ bone located between two layers of _______ cortical bone.

A. spongy; dense

B. dense; dense

C. dense; spongy

D. spongy; spongy

spongy; dense

On a maxillary periapical image, the zygomatic process appears as a __________ to the maxillary first molar region.

A. radiolucency located inferior

B. radiolucency located superior

C. radiopacity located superior

D. radiopacity located inferior

C. radiopacity located superior

Which occlusal projection is used to locate foreign bodies or salivary stones in the region of the floor of the mouth?

A. Topographic occlusal projection

B. Cross-sectional occlusal projection

C. Pediatric projection

D. Lateral occlusal projection

B. Cross-sectional occlusal projection

Cellular injuries following the latent period may include (1) cell death, (2) cessation of mitotic activity, and/or (3) abnormal mitotic activity.

1, 2, 3

1, 2

1, 3

1 only

1, 2, 3

Which of the following tooth structures is most radiopaque?

Enamel

Which of the following cells would be the most sensitive to x-rays?

Blood

(1) More radiation damage takes place with high dose rates (2) because a rapid delivery of radiation does not allow time for cellular damage to be repaired.

Both statements are true.

Which occlusal projection is used to examine the palate and the anterior teeth of the maxilla?

A. Topographic occlusal projection

B. Cross-sectional occlusal projection

C. Pediatric projection

D. Lateral occlusal projection

A. Topographic occlusal projection

On a dental image, the alveolar crest is typically located _________ mm below the junction of the crown and the root surfaces.

A. 0.5 to 1.0

B. 1.5 to 2.0

C. 2.0 to 3.0

D. 1.5 to 3.0

1.5 to 2.0

The ______________ is the space between the alveolar bone and the tooth, it contains the attachment fibers.

A. residual ridge

B. lamina dura

C. alveolar crest

D. periodontal ligament space

periodontal ligament space

(1) All ionizing radiations cause damage to living tissues. (2) Although very little radiation is used in dentistry, damage to the cells does occur.

Both statements are true.

Which types of cells are more sensitive to radiation: (1) rapidly dividing, (2) slowly dividing, (3) young, and/or (4) old?

1 and 3

1 and 4

2 and 3

2 and 4

1 and 3

The occlusal technique is used to examine

A. for bone loss.

B. large areas of the upper or lower jaw.

C. interproximal areas.

D. third molars.

B. large areas of the upper or lower jaw.

On a periapical image, the genial tubercles appear as a ring-shaped __________ the apices of the mandibular incisors.

radiolucency below

radiopacity above

radiolucency above

radiopacity below

radiopacity below

You should have your 75-year-old patient remove her partial dentures and her hearing aids before taking a panoramic image because ghost images occur that could cover diagnostic information on the panoramic image.

Both parts of the statement are true.

The indirect theory proposes that

A. direct injuries occur more frequently than indirect injuries.

B. ionizing radiation strikes critical areas within cells.

C. toxins are created from the formation of free radicals.

D. changes occur to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of a cell.

C. toxins are created from the formation of free radicals.

For the maxillary topographic occlusal projection, the central ray is directed at ____ degrees.

+30

+45

+65

-30

+65

On a mandibular periapical image, the mandibular canal is a ___________ band that appears below or superimposed over the apices of the mandibular _________ teeth.

A. radiopaque; molar

B. radiolucent; molar

C. radiopaque; incisor

D. radiolucent; incisor

B. radiolucent; molar

The anterior teeth will appear "skinny" if the

A. chin is tipped up.

B. teeth are positioned too far back on the bite-block.

C. teeth are positioned too far forward on the bite-block.

D. chin is tipped down.

C. teeth are positioned too far forward on the bite-block.

In panoramic imaging, the ___________ is a theoretical concept used to determine where the dental arches must be positioned to achieve the clearest image.

A. focal trough

B. waypoint

C. home zone

D. neutral zone

A. focal trough

Match the anatomical structures seen in this image:

1

Palatoglossal air space

4

Floor of orbit

11

Styloid process

15

Hyoid bone

16

Mental foramen

A linear prominence of bone located on the external surface of the body of the mandible:

External oblique ridge

A V-shaped radiopaque area located at the intersection of the floor of the nasal cavity and the nasal septum

Anterior nasal spine

A marked _________ prominence of bone on the anterior ramus of the mandible:

Coronoid process

The arrows are pointing to a radiolucent line that can be seen between the roots of the maxillary central incisors. What is the name of this radiolucency?

Median palatal suture

Paired cavities or compartments of bone located within the maxilla

Located above the maxillary premolar and molar teeth:

Maxillary sinus

A linear prominence of cortical bone located on the external surface of the anterior portion of the mandible:

Mental ridge

A scooped-out, depressed area of bone located on the internal surface of the mandible inferior to the mylohyoid ridge:

Submandibular fossa

A small ovoid or round radiolucent area located in the apical region of the mandibular premolars.

Frequently misdiagnosed as a periapical lesion:

Mental foramen

A nonthreshold dose-response curve suggests that:

A.radiation exposure below the threshold will not damage tissues.

B.radiation exposure below the threshold is safe for living tissue.

C.radiation exposure, no matter how small, causes damage to living tissue.

D.radiation exposure above the threshold amount causes some damage to tissues.

C.radiation exposure, no matter how small, causes damage to living tissue.

Stochastic biologic effects from radiation:

A.are directly related to exposure and effect.

B.occur as a result of exposure, but severity is not determined by dose.

C.cause significant damage to cell or cell death.

D.have a dose threshold.

B. occur as a result of exposure, but severity is not determined by dose.

___________ refers to the total amount of radiation that is received or absorbed.

A.Cell sensitivity

B.Dose rate

C.Amount of tissue irradiated

D.Total dose

D.Total dose

Which of the following is the least sensitive to x-rays?

A.Active Bone marrow

B.Intestines

C.Salivary glands

D.Lymphoid tissue

C.Salivary glands

The traditional unit of dose is called:

A.the roentgen (R).

B.the radiation absorbed dose (rad).

C.the roentgen equivalent in man (rem).

D.the gray (Gy).

B.the radiation absorbed dose (rad).

________________ is/are the single largest contributor to artificial radiation exposure.

A.Consumer products

B.The nuclear fuel cycle

C.Fallout from atomic weapons

D.Medical radiation

D.Medical radiation

The potential risk of dental radiography inducing a fatal cancer in an individual is about _________ the risk of a person developing cancer spontaneously.

A.1/100

B.1/10

C.1/1000

D.1/1,000,000

C.1/1000

Your patient is concerned about being exposed to dental x-rays. Which of the following could you tell your patient to alleviate their fears?

A.The risks from dental imaging are less than the risks of other everyday activities in modern life.

B.Your risk of getting cancer from dental x-rays is only 2 times greater than getting cancer spontaneously.

C.Three fourths of the radiation exposure you will have throughout your life will come from background radiation.

D.We take x-rays once a year, it is safe, and that is all your insurance will pay for.

A.The risks from dental imaging are less than the risks of other everyday activities in modern life.

Explain to your patient the steps, in order, in the formation of hydrogen peroxide, a toxin that will cause damage to living tissues.1. Free radicals combine2. Free radical formation3. Cellular dysfunction and biologic damage4. X-ray photons are absorbed by water

A.2, 1, 4, 3

B.1, 2, 3, 4

C.2, 4, 1, 3

D.4, 2, 1, 3

D.4, 2, 1, 3

Which size receptor would you use to take an occlusal image on your 3-year-old patient?

A.0

B.2

C.1

D.4

B.2

Which of the following is a maxillary occlusal projection but not a mandibular occlusal projection?

A.Pediatric projection

B.Cross-sectional occlusal projection

C.Topographic occlusal projection

D.Lateral occlusal projection

D.Lateral occlusal projection

Your patient indicates he was shot around tooth number 30 with a BB when he was younger. The BB is still there. He would like it removed. You have been asked to take a dental image of the area to locate the buccal-lingual and anterior-posterior position of the BB. Which of the following would you take?

A.Mandibular molar periapical and a second mandibular molar periapical with the horizontal angulation changed

B.Mandibular occlusal image

C.Mandibular cross-sectional image

D.Mandibular molar periapical image

B.Mandibular occlusal image

Advantages of panoramic receptors over intraoral periapical receptors include visualization of 1. impacted third molar teeth. 2. jaw fractures. 3. large lesions in the posterior mandible.

A.1, 3

B.1, 2, 3

C.2, 3

D.1, 2

B.1, 2, 3

You are examining your patient's panoramic image. You notice that the molars and premolars on the right side are larger than the teeth on the left side. What patient positioning error did you make?

A.The patient is slumped.

B.The patient's teeth are behind the focal trough.

C.The patient's head was turned to the right.

D.The patient's head was turned to the left.

D.The patient's head was turned to the left.

In panoramic imaging, the x-ray tube rotates around the patient's head in one direction while the receptor rotates __________________ direction.

A.horizontally in the opposite

B.vertically in the same

C.vertically in the opposite

D.horizontally in the same

A.horizontally in the opposite

The closer the rotation center is to the teeth, the narrower the focal trough. In most panoramic machines, the focal trough is wide in the anterior region and narrow in the posterior region.

A.Both statements are true.

B.The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

C.The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D.Both statements are false.

C.The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

The collimator used in panoramic imaging has an opening in the shape of a _____________ slit.

A.wide vertical

B.wide horizontal

C.narrow horizontal

D.narrow vertical

D.narrow vertical

The panoramic image of your patient has two radiopaque areas, one on each side, in the bottom portion of the image. What do you need to do to correct the error?

A.Use a lead apron without a thyroid collar.

B.Have the patient stand up straight.

C.Have the patient remove her partial denture.

D.Remove the lead apron.

A.Use a lead apron without a thyroid collar.

Compact bone is also called __________ bone.

A.cortical

B.spongy

C.trabecular

D.cancellous

A.cortical

The _________ the trabeculations, the _______ radiolucent the area of cancellous bone appears.

A.larger; less

B.smaller; more

C.both a and b

D.larger; more

D.larger; more

A pointed, spikelike protrusion of bone is a

A.ridge.

B.spine.

C.process.

D.tubercle.

B.spine.

A foramen is a(n)

A.broad, shallow, scooped-out or depressed area of bone.

B.opening or hole in bone that permits the passage of nerves and blood vessels.

C.sharp, thornlike projection of bone.

D.hollow space, cavity, or recess in bon

B.opening or hole in bone that permits the passage of nerves and blood vessels.

A _________ is a bony wall or partition that divides two spaces or cavities.

A.process

B.spine

C.septum

D.ridge

C.septum

This foramen is almond shaped and is located between the apices of the maxillary central incisors.

A.Incisive

B.Lingual

C.Superior

D.Mental

A Incisive

The median palatal suture is located between the two __________ of the maxilla.

A.palatine processes

B.maxillary sinuses

C.nasal cavities

D.inferior nasal conchae

A.palatine processes

On a maxillary periapical image, the floor of the nasal cavity appears as a ________ band of bone ________ the maxillary incisors.

A.radiolucent; below

B.radiolucent; above

C.radiopaque; below

D.radiopaque; above

B.radiolucent; above

On a maxillary periapical image, the inferior nasal conchae appear as a __________ mass within the nasal cavity.

A.diffuse radiopaque

B.diffuse radiolucent

C.well-demarcated radiolucent

D.well-demarcated radiopaque

A.diffuse radiopaque

Bony septa and nutrient canals may be seen within the walls of the

A.incisive foramen.

B.median palatal suture.

C.anterior nasal spine.

D.maxillary sinus.

D.maxillary sinus.

The inverted Y is a __________ line above the maxillary _________.

A.radiolucent; first molar

B.radiopaque; canine

C.radiopaque; first molar

D.radiolucent; canine

B.radiopaque; canine

The hamulus extends from the

A.lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.

B.medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.

C.maxillary tuberosity.

D.styloid process.

B. medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone.

Your patient is looking at her dental images and is pointing to the bilateral vertical section of the mandible. What is she pointing to?

A.Alveolar process

B.Body

C.Coronoid process

D.Ramus

D.Ramus

Interdental nutrient canals are most often seen in the

A.posterior maxilla.

B.anterior mandible.

C.anterior maxilla.

D.posterior mandible.

B.anterior mandible.

Your patient is pointing to the mental ridge on his dental image. He is pointing to the ____________________ portion of the mandible.

A.internal surface of the anterior

B.external surface of the anterior

C.internal surface of the posterior

D.external surface of the posterior

B.external surface of the anterior

The mental fossa is located ________ the mental ridge in the mandibular __________ region.

A.above; premolar

B.below; premolar

C.above; incisor

D.below; incisor

C.above; incisor

The mental foramen is frequently misdiagnosed as a _____________ because of its apical location.

A.periapical granuloma

B.dentigerous cyst

C.radicular cyst

D.odontoma

A.periapical granuloma

On a dental image, the mylohyoid ridge is a ___________ band that may appear to be continuous with the ______________.

A.radiopaque; external oblique ridge

B.radiolucent; external oblique ridge

C.radiolucent; internal oblique ridge

D.radiopaque; internal oblique ridge

D.radiopaque; internal oblique ridge

The mastoid process is a marked prominence of bone located ____________ to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

A.anterior and superior

B.anterior and inferior

C.posterior and inferior

D.posterior and superior

C.posterior and inferior

Which of the following structures is part of the sphenoid bone?

A.Lateral pterygoid plate

B.Styloid process

C.Articular eminence

D.Glenoid fossa

A.Lateral pterygoid plate

The _____________ is a long, thin, pointed process below the external auditory meatus.

A.glenoid fossa

B.styloid process

C.lateral pterygoid plate

D.articular eminence

B.styloid process

The _____________ articulates with the glenoid fossa.

A.coronoid process

B.mastoid process

C.styloid process

D.mandibular condyle

D.mandibular condyle

The lateral pterygoid plate is a wing-shaped bony projection of the __________ bone.

A.occipital

B.sphenoid

C.frontal

D.temporal

B.sphenoid

On a panoramic image, which of the following structures appears as a radiolucency?

A.Medial pterygoid plate

B.Coronoid process

C.Lateral pterygoid plate

D.Pterygomaxillary fissure

D.Pterygomaxillary fissure

On a panoramic image, the infraorbital foramen may be superimposed over the ____________.

A.external auditory meatus

B.maxillary sinus

C.frontal sinus

D.mental foramen

B.maxillary sinus

On a panoramic image, the incisive foramen appears as an almond-shaped radiolucent area located

A.below the orbit

B.at the apex of the mandibular first premolar.

C.above the maxillary sinuses.

D.between the roots of the maxillary central incisors.

D.between the roots of the maxillary central incisors.

The nasal cavity is also known as the

A.zygoma.

B.nasal spine.

C.nasal septum.

D.nasal fossa.

D.nasal fossa.

(1) The zygomatic process appears Y-shaped on images. (2) The zygomatic process appears radiolucent on images.

A.The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

B.The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

C.Both statements are true.

D.Both statements are false.

D.Both statements are false.

The ________ foramen is a tiny hole or opening in bone located on the internal surface of the mandible near the midline.

A.mandibular

B.incisive

C.mental

D.lingual

D.lingual

On a panoramic image, the ear is viewed superimposed over the

A.anterior teeth.

B.incisive foramen.

C.mandibular canal.

D.styloid process.

D.styloid process.

Border of the mandible

Label I

Label D

Orbit

Label D

Label E

Label A

Label J

Label G

Hard palate

Label A

Label C

Label G

Label E

Condyle

Label C

Label B

Label H

Label G

Label C

Label A

Mandibular canal

Label J

Label A

Label I

Label H

Label H

Zygomatic arch

Label E

Label H

Label J

Label C