UNIT 2 BLUE BOOK + PPT
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20 Terms
Electrostatics
The study of stationary electric charges and the forces and fields generated by them.
Electrodynamics
The study of electric charges in motion, also known as current electricity.
Conductors
Materials that allow electrons to flow easily, such as metals and ionic solutions.
Insulators
Materials that inhibit the flow of electrons, confining them to conductors, such as rubber and glass.
Electric Current
The flow of electric charge, typically through conductors, and can occur in various forms including vacuum, gas, ionic solution, and metallic conductors.
Voltage (V)
The potential difference that drives current flow, measured in volts.
Current (I)
The flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).
Resistance (R)
Opposition to current flow, measured in ohms (Ω).
Ohm's Law
Describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance: V = I * R.
Series Circuit
A circuit with only one path for current flow; total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.
Parallel Circuit
A circuit with multiple paths for current; total current is the sum of individual branch currents.
Power (P)
The rate at which electrical energy is consumed, measured in watts (W).
Faraday's Law of Induction
A changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor.
Electric Potential
The potential energy per unit charge, crucial for driving current through a circuit.
Electromagnetic Induction
The process by which a changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a conductor.
Capacitance (F)
The ability of a capacitor to store electrical energy, measured in Farads.
Electromotive Force (EMF)
The energy provided by a source to move charges through a circuit.
Power Loss
The loss of energy in a circuit due to resistance, calculated using P = I²R.
Magnetic Field
The area around a magnet where magnetic forces can be detected, represented by lines of force.
Ferromagnetic Materials
Materials that are strongly attracted to magnets, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt.