Global unit 2 DBQ vocab

Old Regime

France's unfair social and government system before the Revolution.

Faction

A group of people with the same political goals or beliefs.

Marie Antoinette

Queen of France during the French Revolution; wife of Louis XVI.

Estates-General

Meeting of representatives from France's three social classes.

Bastille

French prison that symbolized the king's power; stormed in 1789.

National Assembly

Government group formed by the Third Estate to make reforms.

Great Fear

Peasant uprisings against nobles and feudal privileges in 1789.

Legislative Assembly

The lawmaking government established by France's 1791 constitution.

Émigré

Someone who fled revolutionary France, often a noble.

Sans-culotte

Working-class radical who wanted major revolutionary change.

Jacobin

Radical political group that supported ending the monarchy.

Maximilien Robespierre

Radical French leader associated with the Reign of Terror.

Insurrection

An uprising or rebellion against authority.

Gens de couleur libres

Free people of color in Saint-Domingue who faced discrimination.

Grands blancs

Wealthy white plantation owners and merchants in Saint-Domingue.

Petits blancs

Less wealthy white people in Saint-Domingue.

Mulatto

Historical term for a person of mixed African and European ancestry.

Miguel Hidalgo

Priest who launched Mexico's independence movement in 1810.

Grito de Dolores

Hidalgo's 1810 call for rebellion against Spanish rule.

Caudillos

Powerful military or political leaders in Latin America.

Viceroyalty

Colony governed by a representative of the king.

Haciendas

Large landed estates in Spanish America.

Louis XVI

King of France during the French Revolution.

Tennis Court Oath

Promise by Third Estate representatives to create a constitution.

Constitutional

Relating to rules that organize and limit government power.

Guillotine

Execution device used during the French Revolution.

Reign of Terror

Period when the radical government severely punished suspected enemies.

Napoleon

French general who took power in 1799 and later became emperor.

Natural right

Basic right people are born with, such as liberty.

Representative government

Government where people choose officials to make decisions.

Saint-Domingue

French Caribbean colony that became independent Haiti.

Jean-Jacques Dessalines

Leader who declared Haiti independent in 1804.

Colonialism

When one country controls another territory and its people.

Simón Bolívar

Leader who helped free several South American countries from Spain.