Chapter 9: Tourism

Tourism

tourism represents a large % of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and a way of gaining a positive balance of trade with other nations

tourism is when some travels and stays for not more than 1 year

24/7/52 weeks a year economic driver

employs 413 million people

Benefits of Tourism

provides governments with substantial tax revenues

offers the greatest global employment prospects

Interdependency: segments of tourism (travel, lodging, foodservice, and recreation) are dependent on one

another for business

have a MENU of activities for visitors to do when they visit

Tourism continues to grow due to:

opening of borders, increase in disposable income and vacations, reasonably-priced airfares, increase in the number of people with time and money, and more people with the urge to travel

Business Travel

Fairly steady regardless of season

Business travel has declined a bit but is still strong

Business travelers tend to be younger, spend more money, travel further, however they do not stay as long as leisure travelers

Leisure Travel

Leisure market could be more seasonal depending on locations visited

Goal is to encourage travelers to come, stay longer, spend more money!

Many things impact this market such as affordability and cost of living

UN Tourism

specialized agency of the UN, leader in global tourism

The Five Ages of Tourism

• Pre-Industrial (prior to 1840, review book)

Travel was mostly for religious or trade reasons

• The railway age

• The automobile age

• The jet aircraft age

• The cruise ship age

Traveling by Train

Traveling by Car

Traveling by Air

The Hub and Spoke System

Newer airplanes

Cruise Ships

Cruise Market

Impact of Tourism

The Multiplier Effect

New money spent by tourists is re-spent by businesses in the community to purchase goods & services

Leakage occurs when that money is spent outside of the community

Tourism Organizations

Promoters of Tourism Examples

Impact: Sustainability

increasing numbers of tourists may heighten concerns about the environment, physical resources, and sociocultural degradation

obligation on industry

most big international hotel companies think about these things as part of their development plans

Ecotourism

focused on individual values - tourism with a conscience

economic, environment, and social focuses

responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education

Other Types of Tourism

• Cultural tourism: Motivated by interest in cultural events

• Heritage tourism: Motivated by historic preservation

• Nature tourism: Motivated by nature

• Culinary tourism: Culinary adventures are at least a contributing motivation

• Volunteer tourism: Motivations include opportunity to travel safely and cheaply and to experience different cultures