Anatomy Ch 1.04

UMKC fall 26 Dr. Allen

integumentary system structures

superficial

• epidermis

• dermis

• hypodermis

deep

epidermis

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

dermis

papillary layer (areolar)

reticular layer (dense irregular)

body membranes

mucous

serous

synovial

meninges

cutaneous

mucous

epithelium + lamina propria

serous

visceral (touches organ)

parietal (lines body cavity)

synovial

lines joint

synovialfluid

synovialcytes

meninges

lines cranial/vertebral cavity

cerebrospinal fluid

cutaneous

skin, largest body memb.

epidermal layers

“Come Lets Get Sun Burned”

stratum corneum

stratum lucidum

stratum granulosu

stratum spinosum

stratum basale

thick skin

palms of hands

soles of feet

all 5 epidermal stratum layers

NO hair/glands

thin skin

has hair/glands

4 layer of epidermal stratum (does NOT have lucidum)

stratum corneum

20-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells: corneocytes

stratum lucidum

2-3 layers

eleidin

thick skin

stratum granulosum

keratohyalin granules - keratinization

lamellar granules - lipids, help keep skins water barrier

stratum spinosum

desmosomes and dendritic cells

stratum basale

single layer (cuboidal/columnar)

keratinocytes, melanocytes

tacticle/merkel

where does skin color come from

melanin, melanocytes

eumelanin

brown/black

pheomelanin

yellow/red

hemoglobin

red pigment

associated with erythrocytes

carotene

yellow/orange pigment from food (carrot)

cyanosis

blue, O2 deficiency

erythema

red, dilation of blood vessel

hematoma

aka bruise, blood outside vessel

jaundice

yellow, excess bilirum

pallor

pale, ashen

albinism

little to no melanin production

vitiligo

loss of melanin production in spots

melasma

brown facial patches from the sun

dermis

deep to epidermis

1) papillary - areolar CT, superficial, meissner’s

2) reticular - dense irregular CT, deep, pacinian

cleavage lines

incision on these lines heal slower than cuts along

overstretching → striae (stretch marks)

skin receptors

meisseners corpuscle

pacinian corpuscle

merkel cells

hair root plexus

free nerve ending

meissener’s corpuscule receptor

papillary

(more superficial)

pacinian corpuscule

reticular

(placed deeper)

merkel cells

stratum basale

hair root plexus

sensory nerve

free nerve ending

nociceptors

hair types

lanugo

vellus

terminal

lanugo hair

fetus hair

vellus hair

non pigmented

covers most body

terminal hair

coarse, pigmented

puberty

hair parts

bulb, root, shaft

hair layers

(inside to outside): medulla, cortex, cuticle

hair growth cycle

Anagen

Catagen

Telogen

Exogen

“A Cat Takes Ecstasy”

nails

densely packed dead keratinized cells

sweat glands

merocine/eccrine

release with exocytosis → surface pore

watery

thermoregulation

apocrine sweat glands

secrete into hair follicles

thick

puberty

sebaceous glands

holocrine glands, produce sebum (lube) for hair follicles, puberty

ceruminous gland

earwax

wound repair

1) regeneration - replace cell

2) fibrosis - replace gap w/ scar tissue

skin cancer types

basal cell carcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

malignant melanoma

basal cell carcinoma

least dangerous

stratum basale

most common

squamous cell carcinoma

stratum spinosum

malignant melanoma

melanocytes

most dangerous

mole

(ABCDE check)

ABCDE

A = asymmetry

B = border

C = color

D = diameter

E = evolving