psych un1pt2

lesions

Cuts to tissue in the brain.

EEG

Shows electrical activity in the brain.

fMRI

Shows different parts of the brain.

hindbrain

Controls involuntary functions.

midbrain

Responsible for motor function.

forebrain

Involved in complex thinking.

brain stem

Contains the medulla and pons.

thalamus

Serves as a sensory switchboard; expect smell.

reticular formation

Filters stimuli.

cerebellum

Coordinates balance.

limbic system

Controls emotions and memory formation.

amygdala

Regulates emotions.

hypothalamus

Controls involuntary functions and governs the endocrine system.

hippocampus

Responsible for making long-term memories.

frontal lobes

Involved in voluntary movement, language, and high-level thinking.

somatosensory cortex

Receives sensory information.

Broca's area

Responsible for language expression.

Wernicke's area

Responsible for language comprehension.

prefrontal cortex

Controls high-level thinking and planning.

Broca's aphasia

Loss of ability to express language.

left side of the brain

Controls language and logic.

right side of the brain

Controls facial and spatial recognition.

corpus callosum

Allows information to move between both sides of the brain.

right visual field

Goes to the left hemisphere so the person can say what they see.

left visual field

Goes to the right hemisphere; the person can write and draw what they see.

circadian rhythm

The body's natural clock.

sleep stages duration

Approximately 90 minutes each.

NREM 1

Lightest stage of sleep characterized by alpha waves and hypnogogic sensations.

NREM 2

Characterized by theta waves; hard to wake.

NREM 3

Also known as slow-wave sleep, characterized by delta waves and deep sleep where growth hormone is released.

REM sleep

Internally active, externally paralyzed, hard to wake, increases over the night.

restoration sleep theory

Theory that sleep is a biological need; sleep restores you!

memory consolidation theory

The mind replays events to sort out memories.

sleep apnea

A sleep disorder where breathing temporarily stops.

narcolepsy

Characterized by sudden sleep attacks.

activation synthesis theory

Belief that dreams are the brain's way of interpreting random electrical signals during REM sleep.

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Regulates circadian cycles of almost all bodily functions, including autonomic activity.

parietal lobes

Responsible for sensory perception and integration.

temporal lobes

Involved in auditory processing.

occipital lobes

Control visual input.

motor cortex

Controls voluntary movements.