trauma easy memory

CNS

Brain

Spinal cord

Vertebrae

Cervical 7

Thoracic 12

Lumbar 5

Sacral 5 fused

Coccygeal 4 fused

Tension pneumothorax

Air trapped —→ pressure increase —→ circulation/heart compromised

Cardiac tamponade

Blood/fluid causing pressure on heart

Becks triad

Hypotension

JVD

Muffled heart sounds

Flail chest

Multiple rib fractures

Paradoxical movement

Tendon

Muscle to bone

Ligaments

Bone to bone

Epidural

Between the skull and the Dura ; classically arterial

Subdural

Under dura; classically venous

Intracerebral

Inside brain

Cushions triad

Bradycardia

Hypertension/widened pulse pressure

Irregular breathing

Retrograde amnesia

Can’t remember before injury

Anterograde amnesia

Can’t remember after injury

Hypothermia

95

Shivering stops

90

blast injuries

Primary- pressure

Secondary- debri

Tertiary- thrown

Quaternary- other

PMS

Pulse —→ motor —→ sensation

Pulse?

Can you move?

Can you feel?

Tourniquet

Uncontrolled life-threatening extremity bleed

Pelvic fracture

Don’t repeatedly, testability, minimize movement and use binder when indicated

Epistaxis/nose bleed

Sit forward and pinch soft nose

Impaled object

leave it in place unless it interferes with CPR or critical airway care