Unit 2: Hip and pelvis

what is number 1?

Sacroilliac joint

what is #2?

acetabulum

what is #3?

Ischial tuberosity

What is #4?

5th lumbar vertebra

what is #5?

innominate bone

What artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

obturator artery

The obturator nerve innervates what muscles?

adductors, gracilis

The Hip joint has 3 degrees of freedom in what movement patterns?

flexion/extension, ab/adduction, Internal/external rotation

what is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischcium and pubis?

innominate/pevic bone

what is the red ligament?

iliofemoral ligament

what is the green ligament?

pubofemoral

what is the yellow ligament?

ischiofemoral

what bony landmark marks the point of union for the ilium and pubis?

iliopubic eminence

what is the immobile cartilaginus joint that sits and joins the left/right superior rami of the the pubic bone?

pubic symphysis

what 3 ligaments make up the sacroiliac joint?

sacroiliac, sacrotuberous, sacrospinous

what makes up the triceps coxae of the hip?

obturator internus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior

What ligament connects the fovea capitis to the acetabulum?

ligamentum teres

what is the immobile, fibrocartilaginous disc that sits between and joins the left/right superior rami of the pubic bones?

pubic symphysis

What muscles make up the posterolateral (rotator) cuff of the lower extremity

piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus/externus, gemellus superior/inferior

What 3 muscles make up the triceps coxae of the hip external rotators?

obturator internus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior

What is the hip condition that involves osteochondritis of the proximal femoral epiphysis with idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head predominalty found in children?

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Scissors position is the typical sign following what injury?

posterior hip dislocation

What is the most common non-traumatic hip problem in adolescents that presents with pain on IR of the femur?

Slipped Capitol Femoral Epiphysis

The sciatic nerve splits at what structure to become the common fibular and tibial nerves?

popliteal fossa

What is the generally harmless condition in which you feel snapping/popping when muscle/tendon moves over a bony landmark?

Snapping Hip Syndrome

What occurs when osseous deformities on the acetabular rim and/or femoral head/neck junction pinch at the extremes of hip motion causing injury to acetabular labrum/cartilage?

Hip Impingement Syndrome

What type of tear involves the ring of cartilage that follows the outside rim of the socket of your hip joint?

Hip Labral Tears

What is the injury that involves tears or expansion of a muscle in the groin area?

Sports Hernia

What is A?

Transverse Abdominis

What is B?

Internal Abdominal Oblique

What is C?

External Abdominal Oblique

What is D?

Rectus Abdominis

What are the Soft Tissue palpation zones in order from 1-5?

Femoral Triangle, Greater Trochanter, Sciatic Nerve, Iliac Crest, Musculature

The Cluneal Nerves arise from what nerve roots?

L1-S2

How should the leg be positioned to best palpate the gracilis?

hip/knee flexion, hip ER

what shows weakness of the gluteus medius where testing positive results in standing on affected leg and opposite side falls off?

Trendelenburg Test

what is the true/structural measurement landmarks for testing leg length discrepancies?

ASIS to medial malleolus

what is the functional or apparent landmarks for leg length discrepancy measurements that are likely due to result of pelvis being laterally rotated?

medial malleolus to umbilicus

from frontal plane orientation, what is the neck-shaft angle generally ranging from 120 to 125 degrees in adults?

angle of inclination

coxa __ is an increased angle of inclination while coxa __ is a drecreased angle of inclination.

valga, vara

Coxa Valga occurs when the angle of inclination is __ where coxa vara is an angle of inclination of __?

>140, <125

what are the 3 main etiology for coxa valga and coxa vara?

congenital, trauma, disease

what is the clinical term for the flattening of the head of the femur resulting from osteochondrosis of its epiphysis?

coxa plana

what occurs in the transverse plane and the angle between the neck and shaft of the femur with a normal range of 8-15 degrees?

angle of torsion

what condition presents with a toe-in gait, increased Q angle and a dramatic increase in IR and decrease in ER?

Anteversion

what condition presents with toe out gait, excessive foot supination and increased ER on affected side?

Retroversion

what structure on the pelvic bone marks the point of union of the ilium and pubis?

iliopubic eminence

what is the ligament on the neck of the femur formed by the circular fibers of the articular capsule of the hip joint?

annular ligament/zona orbicularis

what ligament with the hip joint is a very important anterior hip stabilizer allowing upright stance posture (aka Y ligament of Bigelow)?

Iliofemoral Ligament

What ligament of the pelvis has little stabilizing function but carries femoral circumflex arteries?

ligamentum teres

what ligament of the pelvis runs from the ASIS to pubic symphysis and holds the soft tissue of the trunk back —> superior border of femoral triangle?

Inguinal Ligament

What pelvic ligament is the base of the acetabulum?

transverse acetabular ligament

what 3 ligaments make up the sacroiliac joint?

sacroiliac, sacrotuberous, sacrospinous

what is the longest muscle in the body?

sartorius

What are the 3 common etiology pieces when looking at piriformis syndrome?

inflammation/spasm, hypertrophy of muscle, anatomical anomalies

what are 3 common s/s of piriformis syndrome?

deep hip pain, parathesia along sciatic n tract, decreased strength

what is the most common type of bursitis of hip bursitis issues?

Trochanteric Bursitis

pectineus is latin for what?

comb

gracilis is latin for what?

slender

what is the consideration of fever, weight loss, fatigue and lymphadenopathy are not disease specific but have to be considered in the differential diagnosis of a disease flare or infection?

constitutional symptoms

what is an inflammation of an outgrowth, projection or swelling, especially a bony outgrowth that is still attached to the rest of the bone?

apophysitis

what muscles make up the pes anserine group?

semitendinosis, gracilis, sartorius

what are the 3 types of FAI and if they have a common muscle?

Internal - iliopsoas bursitis, external - IT band syndrome, intraarticular type

what does the FADDIR test look for?

femoral acetabular impingement, labral tears, intra-articular hip pain

what are 4 common causes of groin pain?

adductor longus dysfunction, osteitis pubis, sports hernia, pathology of hip

since the hip joint is very stable, most problems will affect what?

walking gait

what landmarks do sacral nerves and blood vessels pass through?

sacral foramina, sacral crest